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首页> 外文期刊>Aerobiologia >Patterns of airborne conidia of Stemphylium vesicarium, the causal agent of brown spot disease of pears, in relation to weather conditions
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Patterns of airborne conidia of Stemphylium vesicarium, the causal agent of brown spot disease of pears, in relation to weather conditions

机译：梨褐斑病的病原体Stemphylium v​​esicarium的空气传播分生孢子与天气状况的关系

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Seven-day volumetric spore samplers were installed in pear orchards of northern Italy, in the years between 1993 and 2002, and operated continuously during the development of brown spot epidemics (mid-April-mid-August), caused by Stemphylium vesicarium. Aerial concentration of conidia was recorded at 2 h intervals to study their diurnal and seasonal patterns and the influence of weather conditions. The diurnal periodicity of aerial conidia showed a peak around midday and low counts in the dark. The increase in spore concentration was significantly correlated with the reduction of relative humidity and wetness in early morning, and the increase of wind in late morning and afternoon. Conidia of S. vesicarium became easily airborne to form a regular component of the air-spora in pear orchards, while ascospores were caught only sporadically. Differences between years concerned total spore counts and numbers of peaks (defined as days with more than 30 conidia/m~3 air per day). Periods with highest spore counts occurred in late-May to early-June (in 2 years), mid to end of June (5 years), or after mid-July (3 years). There was a significant correlation between spore peaks and days with favourable weather conditions, defined as days with air temperature between 15 and 25℃ and high humidity, particularly a wet period longer than 10 h. Occurrence of one or more consecutive days with favourable weather conditions determined an increase in the airborne concentration of conidia, which usually lasted some days and then decreased.
机译：在1993年至2002年之间，在意大利北部的梨果园中安装了7天的体积孢子采样器，并在由Stemphylium v​​esicarium引起的褐斑病流行（4月中旬至8月中旬）期间持续运行。每隔2小时记录一次分生孢子的空气浓度，以研究它们的昼夜和季节模式以及天气状况的影响。空中分生孢子的昼夜周期在中午左右出现高峰，在黑暗中呈低计数。孢子浓度的增加与清晨相对湿度和湿度的减少以及清晨和下午风的增加显着相关。梨果园中的葡萄球菌的分生孢子很容易通过空气传播，形成气孔的常规成分，而子囊孢子只是偶发地被捕获。年份之间的差异涉及总孢子数和峰数（定义为每天分生孢子超过30 / m〜3空气的天数）。孢子数最高的时期发生在5月下旬至6月初（2年），6月中旬至6月中旬（5年）或7月中旬之后（3年）。孢子的高峰与天气条件有利的日子之间存在显着的相关性，天气条件的有利条件是气温在15到25℃之间并且湿度高，尤其是湿润时间超过10小时的日子。在有利的天气条件下连续一天或多天的发生，决定了分生孢子的空气传播浓度增加，通常持续数天，然后下降。

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