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Simple emission-reducing measures in an open biological waste treatment plant

机译：在开放式生物废物处理厂中采取简单的减排措施

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摘要

In the course of composting biological waste, concentrations of various thermophilic and thermotolerant microorganisms increase. Moving piles of compost results in increased emissions of Actinomycetes and fungi. The present investigation deals with the reduction of airborne microorganism emission and immissipn in large-scale composting plants with open piles. Simple measures were introduced in order to reduce the release of bioaerosols when turning piles and the release of dust and bioaerols at large. These measures included the sealing of turning machinery with rubber mats, the wetting of piles before and after turning and regular cleaning and wetting driveways during the dry season. Concentrations of airborne microorganisms during the summer season were determined on 5 days before and after the introduction of emission-reducing measures using the six-stage Andersen cascade sampler. The investigation showed that following the introduction of emission-reducing measures there was, at all locations, a highly significant reduction not only of all culturable indicator organisms (thermophilic actinomycetes and Aspergillus fumigatus) but also of total microorganism concentrations (p < 0,001). The introduction of the simple emission-reducing measures mentioned above, however, reduced the immission in the vicinity of the plant to such a degree that the natural background levels were reached at a distance of 150 m.
机译：在堆肥生物废物的过程中，各种嗜热和耐热微生物的浓度增加。移动堆肥导致放线菌和真菌的排放增加。本研究致力于减少露天堆肥大型堆肥厂中空气中微生物的排放和弥散。为了减少转弯时生物气溶胶的释放以及大范围的灰尘和生物气的释放，引入了简单的措施。这些措施包括用橡胶垫密封车削机械，在转向前后润湿桩以及在干燥季节定期清洁和润湿车道。在夏季采用六级安徒生级联采样器采取减排措施之前和之后的5天，确定夏季空气中微生物的浓度。调查表明，在采取减排措施之后，所有地方不仅显着减少了所有可培养的指示生物（嗜热放线菌和烟曲霉），而且还降低了总微生物浓度（p <0.001）。但是，采用上述简单的减排措施后，植物附近的排放降低到了在150 m处达到自然本底水平的程度。

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