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Impact of spanwise non-uniform discrete gusts on civil aircraft loads

机译：翼展不均匀离散阵风对民用飞机负荷的影响

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摘要

The drive for increasing flight efficiency is resulting in wing designs that are of higher aspect ratios, lower in weight, increased wingspans and, consequently, require greater attention in the disciplines of aeroelastics and loads. This trend in aircraft design, along with past research experience with flexible aircraft, motivate a review of assumptions in gust models; especially, that of the gust maintaining a uniform spanwise profile. In this paper, the authors investigate the use of spanwise varying 1 - cos gust models for loads prediction using a non-linear aeroelastic model of a conventional large transport aircraft. The comparison between a test case using conventional uni-dimensional approach and another, using multidimensional gusts, illustrates the impact of stepping away from traditional discrete tuned gust processes and adding a spanwise varying gust component. A methodology for processing and analysing the loads data arising due to the added dimension is also developed and both envelope and correlated loads are considered. Gust characteristics and resulting load factor are, respectively, considered for comparison between the two models, as both metrics define realistic gust encounters. In this case, it has been shown that spanwise variation of gust profiles leads to lower envelope loads if viewed in terms of conventional gust gradients. However, higher envelope loads are found if the maximum load factors are matched.
机译：用于增加飞行效率的驱动导致翼展的翼展具有较高的纵横比，重量较低，翅膀增加，因此，需要更多地关注空气弹性和负荷的学科。这种飞机设计的趋势以及通过灵活飞机的过去的研究经验，激励阵风模型的假设综述;特别地，保持均匀的血管曲线的阵风。在本文中，作者研究了使用传统大型运输飞机的非线性空气弹性模型的负载预测的翼展变化的1 - COS阵风模型的使用。使用传统的单维方法和另一个使用多维阵风的测试用例之间的比较示出了跨越传统的离散调谐阵风处理的影响并添加始线变化的阵风组件。还开发了一种用于处理和分析负载数据而引起的负载数据的方法，并且考虑了包络和相关负载。阵风特性和产生的负载因子分别考虑在两个模型之间进行比较，因为这两个度量都定义了现实阵风遇到。在这种情况下，已经示出了如果在以传统的阵风梯度观察，则阵风轮廓的血管曲线的变化导致更低的信封载荷。但是，如果匹配最大负载因子，则会找到更高的信封载荷。

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