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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems >Kalman Filter-Based Robust Closed-Loop Carrier Tracking of Airborne GNSS Radio-Occultation Signals
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Kalman Filter-Based Robust Closed-Loop Carrier Tracking of Airborne GNSS Radio-Occultation Signals

机译：基于卡尔曼滤波器的鲁棒闭环载波跟踪机载GNSS无线电掩星信号

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摘要

Global navigation satellite system radio occultation (GNSS-RO) signals have been demonstrated as a viable means to retrieve atmospheric profiles. Current GNSS-RO observations rely on open-loop (OL) processing of the signals, especially for signals propagating through the lower troposphere. The reason being GNSS signals at low elevations are adversely affected by multipath effects due to propagation through lower troposphere structures and reflections and scattering from the Earth surface. The low-elevation RO signals are characterized by deep and fast amplitude fading and rapid signal carrier phase fluctuations, collectively referred to as signal scintillation. The conventional phase-lock loop may lose lock of these signals. While OL tracking is known for its robustness, its accuracy is determined by the climatological models used to create the reference for the GNSS signal carrier tracking loop. The wide bandwidth typically associated with OL tracking also introduces large errors in signal parameters estimations. In this article, we present an adaptive Kalman filter-based closed-loop (KFC) tracking method, which takes into consideration the tropospheric scintillation, platform vibration, and real-time C/N$_0$ estimation of the RO signals. The KFC method has comparable robustness with and improved accuracy over the OL tracking, which are demonstrated through comparison using real global positioning system RO data collected on an airborne platform. Analysis of the excess Doppler estimation, retrieved bending angles, and impact parameters also confirms the improved performances of the proposed algorithm over OL tracking.
机译：已经证明了全球导航卫星系统无线电掩星（GNSS-RO）信号作为检索大气型材的可行方法。目前的GNSS-RO观察依赖于信号的开环（OL）处理，特别是对于通过较低对流层传播的信号。由于通过较低的对流层结构和反射和从地球表面散射，由于传播而产生的GNSS信号的GNSS信号受到多径效应的不利影响。低升高信号的特征在于深度和快速幅度衰落和快速信号载波相波动，共同称为信号闪烁。传统的锁相环可能丢失这些信号的锁定。虽然OL跟踪以其稳健性而闻名，但其精度由用于为GNSS信号载波跟踪环路创建参考的气候模型来确定。通常与OL跟踪相关联的宽带宽也引入了信号参数估计中的大误差。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于Adaptive Kalman滤波器的闭环（KFC）跟踪方法，该方法考虑了RO信号的对流层闪烁，平台振动和实时C / N $ _0 $估计。 KFC方法在OL跟踪中具有可比的稳健性和改进的精度，通过使用空气平台上收集的真实的全球定位系统RO数据进行了比较来证明。过量多普勒估计，检索弯曲角​​度和冲击参数的分析还证实了所提出的算法在OL跟踪方面的改进性能。

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