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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems >Direction finding with a four-element Adcock-Butler matrix antennaarray
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Direction finding with a four-element Adcock-Butler matrix antennaarray

机译：四元素Adcock-Butler矩阵天线阵的测向

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摘要

The conventional analog Adcock-Butler matrix (ABM) antenna array direction finder suffers from systemic errors, component matching problems, and bandwidth limitations. Three digital bearing estimators are developed as candidates to replace the analog signal processing portion of the ABM. Using the same antenna array, they perform all signal processing in the frequency domain, thereby benefitting from the computational efficiency of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. The first estimator requires two analog-to-digital converters (A-D) and three antenna elements. It multiplies the difference between the discrete Fourier transforms (DFTs) of the output signals from two antenna elements with that from a third antenna element. At each frequency component, the phase of this product is a function of the bearing. A weighted least squares (LS) fit through all the phase components then gives a bearing estimate. The second estimator is similar to the first but uses three A-D and all four antenna elements. The output signal from the additional antenna element provides an independent estimate of the weights for the LS fit, giving an improvement in accuracy. The third estimator applies the physical constraint existing between the time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) of a signal intercepted by two perpendicular sets of antenna elements. This yields a better estimator than simple averaging of the bearing from each set of antenna elements. The simulation studies used sinusoids and broadband signals to corroborate the theoretical treatment and demonstrate the accuracy achievable with these estimators. All three direction finders have superior performance in comparison with the analog ABM
机译：常规的模拟Adcock-Butler矩阵（ABM）天线阵列测向仪遭受系统误差，组件匹配问题和带宽限制。开发了三个数字方位估计器，以替代ABM的模拟信号处理部分。使用相同的天线阵列，它们可以在频域中执行所有信号处理，从而受益于快速傅立叶变换（FFT）算法的计算效率。第一个估算器需要两个模数转换器（A-D）和三个天线元件。它将两个天线元件的输出信号的离散傅里叶变换（DFT）之间的差乘以第三天线元件的输出信号之间的差。在每个频率分量上，该乘积的相位都是轴承的函数。然后，通过所有相位分量的加权最小二乘（LS）拟合得出方位估计。第二个估计器与第一个估计器相似，但使用三个A-D和所有四个天线元件。来自附加天线元件的输出信号为LS fit提供了独立的权重估计，从而提高了精度。第三估计器应用由两个垂直的天线元件组截获的信号的到达时间差（TDOA）之间存在的物理约束。与对每组天线元件的方位进行简单平均相比，这产生了更好的估计器。仿真研究使用正弦波和宽带信号来证实理论处理，并证明使用这些估计器可以获得的精度。与模拟ABM相比，这三个测向仪均具有出色的性能

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