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Formation Mission Design for Commercial Aircraft Using Switched Optimal Control Techniques

机译:使用切换最优控制技术的商用飞机形成任务设计

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In this article, the formation mission design problem for commercial aircraft is studied. Given the departure times and the departure and arrival locations of several commercial flights, the relevant weather forecast, and the expected fuel savings during formation flight, the problem consists in establishing how to organize them in formation or solo flights and in finding the trajectories that minimize the overall direct operating cost of the flights. Each aircraft can fly solo or in different positions inside a formation. Therefore, the mission is modeled as a switched dynamical system, in which the discrete state describes the combination of flight modes of the individual aircraft and logical constraints in disjunctive form establish the switching logic among the discrete states of the system. The formation mission design problem has been formulated as an optimal control problem of a switched dynamical system and solved using an embedding approach, which allows switching decision among discrete states to be modeled without relying on binary variables. The resulting problem is a classical optimal control problem which has been solved using a knotting pseudospectral method. Several numerical experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach. The obtained results show that formation flight has great potential to reduce fuel consumption and emissions.
机译:在本文中,研究了商用飞机的形成任务设计问题。鉴于出发时间和几个商业航班的出发时间和到达位置,相关天气预报和地层航班期间的预期燃料节省,问题在于建立如何在地层或独奏航班中组织它们,并找到最小化的轨迹航班的整体直接运营成本。每架飞机都可以在地层内飞行或在不同的位置。因此,该任务被建模为交换动态系统,其中离散状态描述了单独飞机的飞行模式的组合和以析出形式的逻辑约束建立了系统的离散状态之间的切换逻辑。形成任务设计问题已被制定为交换动态系统的最佳控制问题,并使用嵌入方法解决,这允许在不依赖于二进制变量的情况下建模的离散状态之间切换决定。所产生的问题是一种经典的最佳控制问题,其已经使用了结伪谱法解决了。已经进行了几个数值实验以证明这种方法的有效性。获得的结果表明,形成飞行有可能降低燃料消耗和排放的巨大潜力。

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