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首页> 外文期刊>Agroforestry Systems >Weed seedbank characteristics of arable fields under different fallow management systems in the humid tropical zone of southeastern Nigeria
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Weed seedbank characteristics of arable fields under different fallow management systems in the humid tropical zone of southeastern Nigeria

机译：尼日利亚东南部热带湿润带不同休耕方式下耕地杂草种子库特征

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摘要

The composition and pattern of weed flora in arable fields are determined by their seedbank structure; but the influence of fallow management practices on weed seedbank structure is presently unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate weed seedbank characteristics and weed population dynamics in arable fields in natural and planted-fallow systems. The study plots were at Mbaise, a densely populated area of southeastern Nigeria, where farmers regenerate their exhausted soils by maintaining planted fallows of Dactyladenia barteri (Hook. F. ex Oliv.) Prance & F. White, and at Umuahia, a less-densely populated area in the same region, where farmers depend on natural bush fallow for soil regeneration. The effect of three years of fallow on the weed flora of arable fields in the two fallow management systems differed remarkably. The first flush of weeds on fields that were cultivated after three years of planted D. barteri fallow (Mbaise) consisted of 80% broadleaf weeds, 7% grass weeds and 13% sedges. On the other hand, the first flush of weeds on the natural bush fallow fields (Umuahia) of the same fallow duration as the D. barteri fallow system consisted of 17% broadleaf weeds, 70% grasses and 13% sedges. Three years of planted fallow caused 36% decrease in weed seedbank at Mbaise relative to the cropped field while the same duration of natural bush fallow caused a 31% increase in weed seedbank at Umuahia. These results show that the planted D. barteri fallow system has a higher potential to reduce weed pressure in smallholder agriculture than the natural bush fallow system and may explain in part why farmers in this humid forest zone have adopted the practice.
机译：耕地杂草区系的组成和格局取决于它们的种子库结构。但是，目前尚不清楚休耕管理措施对杂草种子库结构的影响。这项研究的目的是调查天然和人工种植系统中耕地的杂草种子库特征和杂草种群动态。研究地位于尼日利亚东南部人口稠密的Mbaise地区，那里的农民通过维持已种植的Dactyladenia barteri（Hook。F. ex Oliv。）Prance＆F. White的休耕地来使枯竭的土壤再生，而在Umuahia的土地较少。同一地区人口稠密的地区，那里的农民依靠天然灌木休闲地进行土壤再生。在两个休耕管理系统中，三年休耕对耕地杂草植物的影响差异显着。在播种了三年的D.barteri休闲（Mbaise）之后耕种的田间，第一道杂草由80％的阔叶杂草，7％的草杂草和13％的莎草组成。另一方面，在自然灌木休耕田（Umuahia）上与杂草D.休耕系统休耕期相同的第一次杂草包括17％的阔叶杂草，70％的草和13％的莎草。种植三年的休耕期使Mbaise的杂草种子库比耕地减少了36％，而相同时间的天然灌木休耕期使Umuahia的杂草种子库增加了31％。这些结果表明，与天然灌木休耕系统相比，人工种植的D. barteri休耕系统在减轻小农农业中的杂草压力方面具有更高的潜力，并且可以部分解释为什么在这个潮湿的森林地区的农民采用这种做法。

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