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GERMAN WOMEN PILOTS AT WAR, 1939 TO 1945

机译：1939年至1945年战争中的德国妇女飞行员

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Preparation for War By 1935, the Reich Labor Service Law (Reichsarbeitsthenst- Gestz) had prepared the voluntary mobilization of German women in case of war, assigning them to inferior, civilian admini strati ve tasks that did not require any special knowledge or abilities.3 In 1936, with a foreword by Generaloberst Werner von Bloniberg, Reich war minister and Commander-in-Chief of the Wehrmacht, Marie Elisabeth Lüders (1878-1966) published her study Das unbekannte Heer (The Secret Army), an analy- sis of women's war service based on experiences with the employment of women in World War I.4 Lüders, who was very active in the German "bourgeois women's movement" and a popular author, concluded that as modern wars became increasingly more technological, the inclusion of women into the war effort was unavoidable. [...] the secret "Guidelines for the Employment of Women in War," developed in fall 1938, by the Reich Economic Ministry, stated that in wartime women should not be employed in areas that required technical understanding.5 Instead, they should be employed in areas deemed appropriate to their "female virtues" - welfare, nursing, civil air defense, undemanding administrative tasks, and the armament industry.
机译：战争的准备到1935年，《帝国劳动法》（Reichsarbeitsthenst-Gestz）已经准备好在战争中自愿动员德国妇女，将她们分配到不需要任何特殊知识或能力的次等平民行政工作中。3 1936年，玛丽·伊丽莎白·吕德斯（Marie ElisabethLüders，1878年至1966年）用德国国防部长，国防军总司令沃纳·冯·布洛尼伯格将军的前言出版了她的研究《秘密军队》。根据第一次世界大战中妇女就业经验的妇女兵役。4。吕德斯非常活跃于德国的“资产阶级妇女运动”，并且是一位颇受欢迎的作家。他得出这样的结论：随着现代战争变得越来越技术化，妇女的参与投入战争是不可避免的。帝国经济部于1938年秋季制定了秘密的“战争中妇女就业准则”，其中指出，在战时，不应在需要技术了解的领域雇用妇女。5受雇于被认为适合其“女性美德”的领域-福利，护理，人防，要求不高的行政任务和军备行业。

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  • 来源
    《Air Power History》 |2009年第4期|p.11-27|共17页
  • 作者

    Evelyn Zegen; hagen;

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    An historian and journalist, Dr. Evelyn Zegenhagen is currently the Verville Fellow at the National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution, in Washington, D.C, where she is working on a scholarly biography of Hanna Reitsch. Dr. Zegenhagen graduated summa cum laude in 2006, from the University of the German Armed Forces in Munich, Germany. In 2008, she received the Hugo- Junkers Award of the German Aviation Press for her dissertation on German women sport pilots from 1918 to 1945. Her publications include: "Schneidige Deutsche Mädel:" Fliegerinnen zwischen 1918 und 1945 ["Dashing German Girls:" Women Pilots between 1918 and 1945], (Göttingen: Wallstein-Verlag, 2007 Deutsche Luftahrtpioniere 1900 bis 1950 [German Aviation Pioneers 1900 to 1950], coauthored with Jörg-M. Hormann, (Bielefeld: Delius-Klasing-Verlag, 2008);

    and "The Holy Desire to Serve the Poor and Tortured Fatherland German Women Motor Pilots of the Inter-War Years and Their Political Mission." German Studies Review: October 2007.;

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