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首页> 外文期刊>Air quality, atmosphere & health >Photochemical ozone pollution in the Valparaiso Region, Chile
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Photochemical ozone pollution in the Valparaiso Region, Chile

机译：智利瓦尔帕莱索地区的光化学臭氧污染

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摘要

The Valparaiso Region is characterized by the presence of air sheds that modulate the general atmospheric circulation with local winds. The ozone concentration in the region increases from the west coast toward the mountainous area, where the concentrations of ozone precursors are lower. In this study, surface ozone (O3), nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide (NO x ), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured at four sites, including two upwind urban sites (Viña del Mar (VM) and Villa Alemana (VA)), an upwind suburban site (Quillota (QU)) and a downwind semirural site (Los Andes (LA)) during 01 March–07 April 2010. The purpose of this study is to improve our understanding of the photochemistry of ozone in urban and semirural areas of the Valparaiso Region and the transport of ozone pollution in downwind rural areas. The results show that, in the VM and VA sites, higher concentrations of ozone precursors, NO x , and VOCs, are observed in the early morning hours, which is related to emissions from vehicle traffic, while comparatively lower ozone precursor concentrations are observed in QU and LA. In contrast, higher ozone concentrations are found in LA and QU, and lower concentrations are found in VM and VA. VOC analysis was performed by gas chromatography, and the results show that the VOC composition in the studied sites is similar to and coincident with vehicle emissions. An ozone formation regime limited by VOCs is found in the area. The leading contributors to the ozone-forming potential were ethene, propene, xylene, and toluene, which are also anthropogenic species and account for more than 70 % of O3 formation. Thus, benzenes–toluene–xylenes played the most important role in O3 formation, followed by alkenes, alkanes, aromatic, biogenic, and alkynes during the study periods. The m-, p-xylene/ethylbenzene relation confirms the reception of aged air masses in LA. The results of the present study demonstrate that ozone pollution is a regional problem and that O3 regional transport is associated with such pollution. Finally, the results indicate the need to adopt mitigating measures for ozone pollution that consider the reactivity characteristics of VOCs.
机译：瓦尔帕莱索地区的特点是存在空气飞散，这些空气飞散通过局部风调节了整个大气循环。该地区的臭氧浓度从西海岸向山区发展，山区的臭氧前体浓度较低。在这项研究中，在四个地点测量了表面臭氧（O3），一氧化氮，二氧化氮，氮氧化物（NO x）和挥发性有机化合物（VOC），包括两个上风城市地点（Viñadel Mar（VM）和Villa） Alemana（VA）），上风郊区站点（Quillota（QU））和下风半农村站点（Los Andes（LA））在2010年3月1日至4月7日之间进行。瓦尔帕莱索地区城市和半农村地区的臭氧排放以及顺风农村地区的臭氧污染运输。结果表明，在VM和VA站点，在清晨时观察到较高浓度的臭氧前体，NO x和VOC，这与车辆交通产生的排放有关，而在2004年，臭氧中的前体浓度较低。 QU和LA。相反，在LA和QU中发现较高的臭氧浓度，在VM和VA中发现较低的臭氧浓度。通过气相色谱进行VOC分析，结果表明，所研究位置的VOC组成与车辆排放相似且一致。该地区发现了受VOC限制的臭氧形成机制。造成臭氧形成潜力的主要因素是乙烯，丙烯，二甲苯和甲苯，它们也是人为来源的物种，占O3形成量的70％以上。因此，在研究期间，苯-甲苯-二甲苯在O3的形成中起着最重要的作用，其次是烯烃，烷烃，芳烃，生物和炔烃。间，对二甲苯/乙苯的关系证实了洛杉矶地区老化空气的接收。本研究的结果表明，臭氧污染是一个区域性问题，O3区域运输与这种污染有关。最后，结果表明有必要采取考虑VOCs反应性特征的缓解臭氧污染的措施。

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  • 来源
    《Air quality, atmosphere & health》 |2014年第1期|1-11|共11页
  • 作者

    Richard A. Toro; Camila S. Donoso; Rodrigo A. Seguel; Raúl G. E. S. Morales; Manuel A. G. Leiva;

  • 作者单位

    1.Centro de Ciencias Ambientales and Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Casilla 653 Santiago Chile;

    1.Centro de Ciencias Ambientales and Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Casilla 653 Santiago Chile;

    2.Centro Nacional del Medio Ambiente Universidad de Chile Avenida Larraín 9975 La Reina Santiago Chile 3.Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of California Los Angeles CA USA;

    1.Centro de Ciencias Ambientales and Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Casilla 653 Santiago Chile;

    1.Centro de Ciencias Ambientales and Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Casilla 653 Santiago Chile 4.Department of Land Air and Water Resources University of California Davis CA USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Pollution—urban and regional; Tropospheric ozone; Non-methane hydrocarbons; Ozone formation potential;

    机译：污染—城市和区域;对流层臭氧;非甲烷碳氢化合物;臭氧形成潜力;

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