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The carcinogenic risk and variability of particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with consideration of meteorological conditions

机译：考虑到气象条件，与颗粒结合的多环芳烃的致癌风险和变异性

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Epidemiological and laboratory studies suggest that atmospheric particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have a strong association with cancer prevalence and risk. Health hazards from PAH inhalation emanate mainly if these compounds are bound to particulate matter, whereas the depth of penetration and retention in the human organism is greatly dependent on the size and morphology of the particle. We determined the distribution of 21 PAHs over different particle size fractions and investigated the influence of meteorological conditions on the partitioning between air and particle phase and the distribution over different size fractions. The highest PAH concentration was found in a size range from 0.35 to 1.2 μm. About two-thirds of the total PAH concentration were associated to respirable particles smaller than 1.2 μm, highlighting the importance of considering fine particles in cancer risk assessment. High temperature and sunshine duration were associated with decreased PAH contamination, while humidity was associated with increased PAH contamination. We found that high molecular weight compounds had an increased tendency to be sorbed to smaller particles. Approximately 30% of the overall carcinogenicity of the samples, determined by a dose addition model, was contributed by benzo[a]pyrene. However, the relative contribution of benzo[a]pyrene to the overall carcinogenicity varied greatly over different samples and size fractions, suggesting that benzo[a]pyrene alone is not an adequate indicator compound for assessment of carcinogenicity. Instead, we suggest integrating nine PAHs, which together contributed approximately 93% to the overall carcinogenicity, into a sum parameter serving as an indicator for carcinogenic potential.
机译：流行病学和实验室研究表明，大气颗粒物和多环芳烃（PAHs）与癌症患病率和风险密切相关。如果这些化合物与颗粒物结合，则主要来自吸入PAH的健康危害，而在人体中渗透和保留的深度在很大程度上取决于颗粒的大小和形态。我们确定了21种多环芳烃在不同粒径分数上的分布，并研究了气象条件对空气和颗粒相之间的分配以及不同粒径分数分布的影响。发现PAH的最高浓度范围为0.35至1.2μm。 PAH总浓度中约三分之二与小于1.2μm的可吸入颗粒有关，这突出了在癌症风险评估中考虑细颗粒的重要性。高温和日照时间与减少PAH污染有关，而湿度与增加PAH污染有关。我们发现，高分子量化合物具有被吸附到较小颗粒的趋势。由剂量添加模型确定的样品中，约30％的总体致癌性是由苯并[a] re造成的。但是，苯并[a] to对总体致癌性的相对贡献在不同的样品和大小分数上差异很大，这表明仅苯并[a] re并不是评估致癌性的适当指示剂。相反，我们建议将九种多环芳烃合并在一起，作为总的致癌性指标，这九种多环芳烃对总体致癌性的贡献约为93％。

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