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Temporal changes of particulate concentration in the ambient air over the city of Zahedan, Iran

机译：伊朗Zahedan市周围空气中颗粒物浓度的时间变化

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摘要

Air pollution in developing countries has recently become a serious environmental problem, which needs more active air quality monitoring and analyses. To assess air quality characteristics over the city of Zahedan, southeast Iran, airborne particulate matter (PM) concentrations with aerodynamic diameters of <10, <2.5, and <1.0 μm were measured during the period July 2008 to March 2010 using an Environmental Dust Monitor (EDM-180). The data were analyzed on a daily, monthly, and seasonal basis. The highest monthly mean PM10 levels (172 μg m−3) were recorded during the summer period (June–August), presumably due to frequent dust storms from the nearby Sistan desert located to the north, while less PM10 concentrations are recorded in winter (December–February; 101 μg m−3). Linear regression analysis between the PM2.5 and PM10 time series reveals high correlation coefficients (r > 0.82) for all seasons, implying that PM10 and PM2.5 may have the same source regions or that they are influenced by the same local conditions. In contrast, neutral correlation is found between PM10 and PM1.0 in autumn and winter. Taking into account that the annual variation of PM1.0 exhibits a clear pattern of peaking in winter and dropping in summer (in contrast to PM10), it is suspected that PM1.0 is of different origin than PM10 and mainly influenced by local anthropogenic emissions. The daily PM10 variation is strongly seasonally defined. The maximum PM10 concentrations occur in the morning hours during winter, autumn (September–November), and early spring (March), while in summer, PM10 concentrations increase significantly in the afternoon, closely associated with the intense northerly winds blowing from the desert. As far as the Air Quality Index (AQI) is concerned, its highest monthly values occur in summer, while they are reduced in winter. Desert dust aerosols are found to be the major component in determining the AQI in Zahedan. The analysis shows that 15.3% of the days are unhealthy for sensitive people, while 2% are considered as hazardous.
机译：发展中国家的空气污染最近已成为严重的环境问题，需要更加积极的空气质量监测和分析。为了评估伊朗东南部Zahedan市的空气质量特征，使用环境粉尘监测仪在2008年7月至2010年3月期间测量了空气动力学直径<10，<2.5和<1.0μm的空气中颗粒物（PM）浓度（EDM-180）。每天，每月和季节性分析数据。夏季（6月至8月）记录了最高的PM10每月平均水平（172μgm-3），大概是由于北部附近的锡斯坦沙漠频繁发生沙尘暴，而冬季记录的PM10浓度却较低（十二月至二月; 101微克m-3）。 PM2.5和PM10时间序列之间的线性回归分析显示，所有季节的相关系数都很高（r> 0.82），这意味着PM10和PM2.5可能具有相同的来源地区或受到相同的当地条件的影响。相反，在秋季和冬季，PM10和PM1.0之间存在中性关联。考虑到PM1.0的年变化表现出明显的冬季高峰和夏季下降趋势（与PM10相反），因此怀疑PM1.0与PM10起源不同，并且主要受当地人为排放的影响。每天的PM10变化是季节性强烈定义的。 PM10的最高浓度发生在冬季，秋季（9月至11月）和初春（3月）的早晨，而在夏季，PM10的浓度在下午显着增加，这与沙漠吹来的强烈北风密切相关。就空气质量指数（AQI）而言，其每月最高值出现在夏季，而在冬天则降低。发现沙尘气溶胶是确定Zahedan中AQI的主要成分。分析显示，敏感人群一天中有15.3％的日子不健康，而2％的日子被认为是有害的。

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  • 来源
    《Air quality, atmosphere & health》 |2013年第1期|123-135|共13页
  • 作者

    Alireza Rashki; C. J. deW Rautenbach; Patrik G. Eriksson; Dimitris G. Kaskaoutis; Pawan Gupta;

  • 作者单位

    1.Department of Geography Geoinformatics and Meteorology Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria 0002 South Africa;

    1.Department of Geography Geoinformatics and Meteorology Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria 0002 South Africa;

    2.Department of Geology Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria 0002 South Africa;

    3.Research and Technology Development Centre Sharda University Greater Noida 201306 India;

    4.Goddard Earth Science and Technology Center University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA 5.NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD 20770 USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Particulate matter; Dust; Mass concentration; Air Quality Index; Zahedan; Iran;

    机译：颗粒物;粉尘;质量浓度;空气质量指数;乍得丹;伊朗;

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