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Measuring the value of air quality: application of the spatial hedonic model

机译:测量空气质量的价值:空间享乐模型的应用

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This study applies a hedonic model to assess the economic benefits of air quality improvement following the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendment at the county level in the lower 48 United States. An instrumental variable approach that combines geographically weighted regression and spatial autoregression methods (GWR-SEM) is adopted to simultaneously account for spatial heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation. SEM mitigates spatial dependency while GWR addresses spatial heterogeneity by allowing response coefficients to vary across observations. Positive amenity values of improved air quality are found in four major clusters: (1) in East Kentucky and most of Georgia around the Southern Appalachian area; (2) in a few counties in Illinois; (3) on the border of Oklahoma and Kansas, on the border of Kansas and Nebraska, and in east Texas; and (4) in a few counties in Montana. Clusters of significant positive amenity values may exist because of a combination of intense air pollution and consumer awareness of diminishing air quality.
机译:这项研究采用享乐模型来评估1990年美国48个州县级《清洁空气法案》修订后空气质量改善的经济效益。采用将地理加权回归和空间自回归方法(GWR-SEM)相结合的工具变量方法来同时考虑空间异质性和空间自相关。 SEM减轻了空间依赖性,而GWR通过允许响应系数随观测值变化而解决了空间异质性。在四个主要区域发现了改善空气质量的正面舒适度值:(1)在东部肯塔基州和乔治亚州南部阿巴拉契亚南部地区附近的大多数地区; (2)在伊利诺伊州的几个县; (3)在俄克拉荷马州和堪萨斯州的边界,堪萨斯州和内布拉斯加州的边界以及德克萨斯州东部; (4)在蒙大拿州的几个县。由于强烈的空气污染和消费者对空气质量下降的认识相结合,因此可能存在具有明显正面舒适价值的集群。

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