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Monitoring of long-term personal exposure to fine participate matter (PM_(2.5))

机译：监测长期个人接触精细参与物（PM_（2.5））

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摘要

Personal monitoring is of a demanding nature; thus, it is very difficult to obtain personal data for periods longer than a few days or a maximum of a few weeks. To fill this gap, we have performed a study in which personal exposure to paniculate matter of aerodynamic diameter under 2.5 μm (PM_(2.5)) was monitored for almost 1 year. One healthy, adult, non-smoking, female student living in Prague (Czech Republic) was involved in the study. A battery-operated, fast-responding nephelometer was worn by the individual for a period of 10 months, recording PM_(2.5) concentration every 5 min. A written time activity diary was used to record the experimental person's movement and the microenvironments visited. The dataset was divided into 12 different (seven indoor and four outdoor and transit) microenvironments. The overall average of the year-long measurement was 14.9±52.5 μg.m~(-3) (median, 8.0 μg.m~(-3)). The highest PM_(2.5) average concentration was detected in restaurant microenvironments (294.4 ug.m~(-3)), while the second highest concentration was recorded in an indoor microenvironment heated by wood and coal stoves (112.2 μg.m~(-3)). The lowest mean aerosol concentrations were detected outdoors in a rural/ natural environment (7.0 μg.m~(-3)) and indoors at the monitored person's home (9.3 μg.m~(-3)). During the measurement period, isolated and brief, but very high concentration excursions over 500 μg.m~(-3) or even over 1,000 μg.m~(-3) were recorded. However, they accounted for less than 0.5% of the total time of personal exposure. We conclude that continuous long-term monitoring is a good tool capable of disclosing thernfrequency and severity of short-term peak events of high particulate concentrations, which may be associated with adverse health effects.
机译：个人监视具有苛刻的性质；因此，很难获得超过几天或最多几周的时间的个人数据。为了填补这一空白，我们进行了一项研究，其中对个人暴露在空气动力学直径小于2.5μm的颗粒物（PM_（2.5））中的情况进行了将近1年的监测。居住在布拉格（捷克共和国）的一名健康，成年，禁烟的女学生参与了这项研究。个人佩戴电池操作的快速响应式浊度计10个月，每5分钟记录一次PM_（2.5）浓度。使用书面的时间活动日记记录实验人员的活动和所访问的微环境。数据集分为12个不同的（七个室内，四个室外和公交）微环境。全年测量的总体平均值为14.9±52.5μg.m〜（-3）（中位数为8.0μg.m〜（-3））。在餐厅微环境中检测到最高PM_（2.5）平均浓度（294.4 ug.m〜（-3）），而在用木头和煤炉加热的室内微环境中记录到第二高浓度（112.2μg.m〜（- 3））。在农村/自然环境中室外（7.0μg.m〜（-3））和室内室内检测到的最低平均气溶胶浓度（9.3μg.m〜（-3））。在测量期间，记录了孤立且短暂但非常高的浓度偏移，超过500μg.m〜（-3）甚至超过1,000μg.m〜（-3）。但是，它们所占的时间少于个人暴露总时间的0.5％。我们得出的结论是，连续的长期监测是一个很好的工具，能够揭示高颗粒物浓度的短期峰值事件的发生频率和严重性，这可能与不良的健康影响有关。

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