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首页> 外文期刊>Botanica Helvetica >High temperature and burial inhibit seed germination of two perennial Mediterranean Euphorbia species
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High temperature and burial inhibit seed germination of two perennial Mediterranean Euphorbia species

机译：高温和埋葬抑制了两种多年生地中海大戟属物种的种子发芽

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摘要

Seeds of the Mediterranean Euphorbia boetica and E. nicaeensis are produced in summer but germinate only in autumn; they are actively dispersed by ants, which may cause them to be buried. Here we tested whether the delay in germination is caused by thermodormancy, and whether seedlings are able to emerge after burial. Seeds of the perennial spurges Euphorbia boetica and E. nicaeensis were collected in four populations of southern Spain and were incubated at differing temperatures or after burial at differing soil depths. Most seeds germinated at 18-21 ℃, but germination percentages were reduced at 25 ℃ and nearly zero at 30 ℃. In E. boetica, the lack of germination at 30 ℃ was due to thermoinhibition, as all seeds that had not germinated at 30 ℃ did germinate when they were subsequently incubated at 18-21 ℃. In contrast, about 15 % of the viable seeds of E. nicaeensis did not germinate under these conditions, meaning that they had entered secondary dormancy. All viable seeds of E. boetica buried at 1 and 5 cm emerged, but at 10 cm emergence was significantly lower. In contrast, very few buried seeds of E. nicaeensis emerged at all burial depths, and some buried seeds entered secondary dormancy. The different germination strategies of the two species may reflect their different habitats and dispersal modes: E. boetica grows in the lowlands on sandy soils, and its seeds are always buried after ant dispersal, whereas E. nicaeensis lives in montane regions on stony and compact soils, and its seeds may be frequently dispersed at soil surface, reducing the selective pressure for seeds to germinate after burial.
机译：地中海大戟属和大肠埃希菌的种子在夏季产生，但仅在秋天发芽。它们被蚂蚁主动驱散，这可能导致它们被掩埋。在这里，我们测试了发芽延迟是否是由热休眠引起的，以及埋葬后是否能够出苗。在西班牙南部的四个种群中采集多年生大戟Euphorbia boetica和E. nicaeensis的种子，并在不同温度下或在埋葬后在不同土壤深度下孵育。大多数种子在18-21℃发芽，但发芽率在25℃降低，在30℃几乎为零。在大肠埃希菌中，在30℃下没有发芽是由于热抑制，因为所有未在30℃下发芽的种子随后在18-21℃下孵育时都会发芽。相反，在这些条件下，约有15％的大肠杆菌的活种子未发芽，这意味着它们已进入次级休眠状态。埋藏在1和5 cm处的所有E. boetica活种子都出现了，但在10 cm处的出现明显较低。相比之下，几乎所有埋葬深度都没有出现大肠埃希菌的埋入种子，并且一些埋入种子进入了第二休眠期。两种物种不同的萌发策略可能反映了它们不同的生境和传播方式：E。boetica生长在低地的沙质土壤上，其种子总是在蚂蚁传播后被掩埋，而E. nicaeensis则生活在石质紧凑的山地地区土壤，其种子可能经常散布在土壤表面，从而降低了埋葬后种子发芽的选择压力。

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