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Seed dispersal distances: a typology based on dispersal modes and plant traits

机译：种子传播距离：基于传播模式和植物性状的类型学

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The ability of plants to disperse seeds may be critical for their survival under the current constraints of landscape fragmentation and climate change. Seed dispersal distance would therefore be an important variable to include in species distribution models. Unfortunately, data on dispersal distances are scarce, and seed dispersal models only exist for some species with particular dispersal modes. To overcome this lack of knowledge, we propose a simple approach to estimate seed dispersal distances for a whole regional flora. We reviewed literature about seed dispersal in temperate regions and compiled data for dispersal distances together with information about the dispersal mode and plant traits. Based on this information, we identified seven "dispersal types" with similar dispersal distances. For each type, upper limits for the distance within which 50 % and 99 % of a species' seeds will disperse were estimated with the 80th percentile of the available values. These distances varied 5000-fold among the seven dispersal types, but generally less than 50-fold within the types. Thus, our dispersal types represented a large part of the variation in observed dispersal distances. The attribution of a dispersal type to a particular species only requires information that is already available in databases for most Central European species, i.e. dispersal vector (e.g. wind, animals), the precise mode of dispersal (e.g. dyszoochory, epizoochory), and species traits influencing the efficiency of dispersal (e.g. plant height, typical habitats). This typology could be extended to other regions and will make it possible to include seed dispersal in species distribution models.
机译：在目前景观破碎化和气候变化的限制下，植物散布种子的能力可能对其生存至关重要。因此，种子扩散距离将成为重要的变量，可纳入物种分布模型。不幸的是，关于散布距离的数据很少，种子散布模型仅针对具有特定散布模式的某些物种而存在。为了克服这种知识的缺乏，我们提出了一种简单的方法来估计整个区域植物区系的种子传播距离。我们回顾了有关温带地区种子传播的文献，并汇编了有关传播距离的数据以及有关传播方式和植物性状的信息。根据此信息，我们确定了七个具有相似分散距离的“分散类型”。对于每种类型，使用可用值的80％估算了50％和99％的物种种子散布的距离的上限。这些距离在七种分散类型中变化了5000倍，但在这些类型中通常小于50倍。因此，我们的分散类型代表了观察到的分散距离变化的很大一部分。将扩散类型归因于特定物种仅需要大多数中欧物种数据库中已提供的信息，即扩散媒介（例如风，动物），精确的扩散模式（例如，难养动物，外生动物）和物种特征影响扩散效率（例如植物高度，典型栖息地）。这种类型可以扩展到其他地区，这将有可能在物种分布模型中包括种子传播。

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