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首页> 外文期刊>Botanica Helvetica >Einfluss von Brachemischungen auf die Entwicklung des Samenvorrats im Boden und die Erhaltung von Pflanzenarten in der Folgekultur
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Einfluss von Brachemischungen auf die Entwicklung des Samenvorrats im Boden und die Erhaltung von Pflanzenarten in der Folgekultur

机译：休耕混合物对土壤中种子供应的发育以及后续作物中植物物种的维持的影响

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摘要

One goal of establishing ecological compensation areas in arable land is to preserve and promote plant species diversity. In a field study in the north-eastern part of Switzerland we compared the soil seed banks in plots representing two types of wild-flower strips, rotational fallow, natural regeneration and grass-clover ley during the first two years after establishment. There was a marked increase in the total seed bank in all vegetation types during the first year, which was most pronounced in the natural regeneration and least in the grass-clover ley. Six of the species sown were detected in the seed bank in the first year following establishment, and 14 species in the second year. The potential of sown wildflower species to persist in the subsequent crop was investigated by tilling the plots after 1.5 and 2 years and sowing them with winter or summer wheat, with or without application of herbicide. Altogether 26 out of 43 sown species occurred in the subsequent crop, the largest numbers being found in the former wildflower strips. Species diversity and cover of both sown and spontaneous species was higher in summer wheat than in winter wheat. 13 sown species were able to spread out into plots where they had not been sown. The spontaneous plant species were most affected by herbicide, but some sown wildflower species were also reduced. After tilling, the preservation of numerous plant species is possible by a conserving management, at least in the short term.
机译：在耕地上建立生态补偿区的一个目标是保护和促进植物物种的多样性。在瑞士东北部的一项田间研究中，我们在建立后的头两年中比较了代表两种类型的野花条带的土壤种子库：旋转休耕，自然更新和草三叶草。在第一年中，所有植被类型的总种子库都有明显增加，这在自然更新中最为明显，而在草三叶草中则最少。建立后的第一年在种子库中发现了6种，第二年发现了14种。通过在1.5年和2年后耕种该地块，并与冬小麦或夏小麦一起播种，并在不使用除草剂的情况下进行播种，研究了播种的野花品种在后续作物中持久存在的潜力。在43种播种中，共有26种发生在随后的作物中，其中最大的是在前野花带中。夏季小麦的播种和自发物种的物种多样性和覆盖率均高于冬季小麦。 13个播种物种能够扩散到尚未播种的地块。自发植物物种受除草剂影响最大，但一些播种的野花物种也减少了。耕种后，至少在短期内，可以通过保护管理来保护多种植物。

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