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首页> 外文期刊>AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment >Marine Ecosystem Modeling Beyond the Box: Using GIS to Study Carbon Fluxes in a Coastal Ecosystem
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Marine Ecosystem Modeling Beyond the Box: Using GIS to Study Carbon Fluxes in a Coastal Ecosystem

机译：超越框框的海洋生态系统建模：使用GIS研究沿海生态系统中的碳通量

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Studies of carbon fluxes in marine ecosystems are often done by using box model approaches with basin size boxes, or highly resolved 3D models, and an emphasis on the pelagic component of the ecosystem. Those approaches work well in the ocean proper, but can give rise to considerable problems when applied to coastal systems, because of the scale of certain ecological niches and the fact that benthic organisms are the dominant functional group of the ecosystem. In addition, 3D models require an extensive modeling effort. In this project, an intermediate approach based on a high resolution (20×20 m) GIS data-grid has been developed for the coastal ecosystem in the Laxemar area (Baltic Sea, Sweden) based on a number of different site investigations. The model has been developed in the context of a safety assessment project for a proposed nuclear waste repository, in which the fate of hypothetically released radionuclides from the planned repository is estimated. The assessment project requires not only a good understanding of the ecosystem dynamics at the site, but also quantification of stocks and flows of matter in the system. The data-grid was then used to set up a carbon budget describing the spatial distribution of biomass, primary production, net ecosystem production and thus where carbon sinks and sources are located in the area. From these results, it was clear that there was a large variation in ecosystem characteristics within the basins and, on a larger scale, that the inner areas are net producing and the outer areas net respiring, even in shallow phytobenthic communities. Benthic processes had a similar or larger influence on carbon fluxes as advective processes in inner areas, whereas the opposite appears to be true in the outer basins. As many radionuclides are expected to follow the pathways of organic matter in the environment, these findings enhance our abilities to realistically describe and predict their fate in the ecosystem.
机译：海洋生态系统中碳通量的研究通常是通过使用具有盆地大小的盒子的盒子模型方法或高度解析的3D模型来完成的，并且重点放在生态系统的浮游生物成分上。这些方法在海洋中运作良好，但由于某些生态位的规模以及底栖生物是生态系统的主要功能这一事实，在应用于沿海系统时可能会引起很多问题。此外，3D模型需要大量的建模工作。在该项目中，基于许多不同的现场调查，已经为Laxemar地区（瑞典波罗的海）的沿海生态系统开发了一种基于高分辨率（20×20 m）GIS数据网格的中间方法。该模型是在拟议的核废料储存库的安全评估项目的背景下开发的，其中估算了计划储存库中假设释放的放射性核素的命运。评估项目不仅需要对现场的生态系统动态有充分的了解，而且还需要对系统中的物质和物质存量进行量化。然后，使用数据网格来建立碳预算，以描述生物量的空间分布，初级生产，净生态系统生产，从而描述该地区碳汇和碳源的位置。从这些结果可以看出，流域内的生态系统特征存在很大的差异，而且即使在浅水底栖动物群落中，较大范围内区域也是净生产，而外部区域则是净呼吸。底栖过程对碳通量的影响与内部区域的对流过程相似或更大，而在外盆地则相反。由于预计许多放射性核素会遵循环境中有机物的路径，因此这些发现增强了我们切实描述和预测其在生态系统中的命运的能力。

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    《AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment》 |2006年第8期|p.484-495|共12页
  • 作者

    Erik Wijnbladh; Bror Fredrik Jönsson; Linda Kumblad;

  • 作者单位

    Erik Wijnbladh has a MSc in Marine Ecotoxicology from the Department of Systems Ecology at Stockholm University, Sweden. He is employed by SKB AB, Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co., and works with the site investigations and marine ecosystem analysis. His present field work includes in situ measuring of respiration and production in shallow benthic communities. His address is: Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co, Site Investigations Oskarshamn, Simpevarp, SE-572 95 Figeholm, Sweden.E-mail: erik.wijnbladh@skb.se;

    Bror Fredrik Jönsson has a PhD in Physical Oceanography from the Department of Meteorology at Stockholm University, Sweden. His research interests focus on coastal modeling, biogeochemistry, and interactions between biology and physical processes. His address: Department of Earth Sciences, Boston University, 685 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215.E-mail: bror@bu.edu;

    Linda Kumblad has a PhD in Marine Ecotoxicology from the Department of Systems Ecology at Stockholm University, Sweden. Her research interests focus on ecological stoichiometry, fate of contaminants in aquatic environments, and ecosystem modeling. Her address: Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.E-mail: linda@ecology.su.se;

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