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When Demand Increases Cause Shakeouts

机译:当需求增加会导致动荡

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摘要

Standard models that guide competition policy imply that demand increases should lead to more, not fewer firms. However, Sutton's (1991) model shows that demand increases instead can lead to shakeouts if non-price competition takes the form of fixed investments. We investigate this effect in the 1960s–1980s hotel and motel industry, where quality competition arose through investments in swimming pools. We show that demand increases associated with highway openings led to fewer firms, particularly in warm places. We do not find this effect in other industries that serve travelers, gasoline retailing, and restaurants, where quality competition does not involve fixed investments.
机译:指导竞争政策的标准模型意味着需求的增长应导致更多而不是更少的公司。然而,萨顿(Sutton,1991)的模型表明,如果非价格竞争采取固定投资的形式,需求增加反而会导致淘汰。我们在1960年代至1980年代的旅馆和汽车旅馆业中研究这种影响,那里的质量竞争是通过投资游泳池而引起的。我们表明,与高速公路开放相关的需求增加导致公司减少,特别是在温暖的地方。我们在为旅行者,汽油零售和饭店服务的其他行业中没有发现这种影响,在这些行业中,质量竞争并不涉及固定投资。

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