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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Botany >Spore wall ultrastructure in the early lycopsid Leclercqia (Protolepidodendrales) from the Lower Devonian of North America: Evidence for a fundamental division in the lycopsids
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Spore wall ultrastructure in the early lycopsid Leclercqia (Protolepidodendrales) from the Lower Devonian of North America: Evidence for a fundamental division in the lycopsids

机译:来自北美下泥盆统的早期番茄红藻Leclercqia(Protolepidodendrales)的孢子壁超微结构:番茄红藻中基本分裂的证据

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Documenting the morphology and ultrastructure of spores from known Silurian-Devonian plants clarifies organization and probable affinities of dispersed spores and contributes to analyses of evolutionary changes and phylogenetic relationships in early plants. In this study of fossil in situ spores from the early protolepidodendralean lycopsid Leclercqia, we identified new characters including an additional synapomorphy of the ligulate lycopsid clade. A detailed light (LM), scanning electron (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis of spores from two species of Leclercqia from the Lower Devonian (Emsian) of New Brunswick, eastern Canada, L. andrewsii and L. complexa, shows both are homosporous, yielding spores belonging to the dispersed spore form taxon Acinosporites lindlarensis. Important features of wall ultrastructure include the presence of a paraexospore, peculiar exospore-derived, peg-like structures located in the gap between the outer exospore/inner paraexospore, and multilamellate regions in the interradial areas of the proximal surface. Similar interradial multilamellate regions occur in other ligulate lycopsids (fossil and extant). This character is probably a further synapomorphy for the ligulate lycopsid clade, within which heterosporous lycopods form a monophyletic group. These data suggest the ligule and interradial multilamellate region appeared prior to heterospory.
机译:记录 已知志留纪-德文尼亚植物孢子的形态和超微结构,阐明了分散的孢子的组织和可能的 亲和力,并有助于分析 进化变化和 早期植物的系统发生关系。在这项对早期 原生脂多糖lecoprcid Leclercqia的化石原位孢子的研究中,我们鉴定了新的 特征,包括结扎的 番茄红素进化枝的其他同形。详细的光(LM),扫描电子(SEM), 和透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析来自下泥盆纪(Emsian)两种Leclercqia孢子的 加拿大东部新不伦瑞克省的sup> ,L. andrewsii和L. complexa,都显示是同孔的,产生的孢子属于 分散的孢子形式的紫杉林德拉。壁超微结构的重要 特征包括外孢子的存在, 特殊的孢子外源性,位于外部外孢子之间的 间隙的钉状结构/内副外孢子,以及近端表面的放射状区域中的多层 区域。相似的 放射状多层区域出现在其他结扎的番茄红素 (化石和现存的)中。这个特征可能是结扎的番茄红素进化枝的进一步的同形亚纲,其中异孔的番茄红素菌形成一个单系群。这些数据表明舌齿 和radi间多层区域出现在杂孢子之前。

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