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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Political Science >Government versus Opposition at the Polls: How Governing Status Affects the Impact of Policy Positions
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Government versus Opposition at the Polls: How Governing Status Affects the Impact of Policy Positions

机译：政府与民意调查的对比：执政地位如何影响政策立场的影响

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摘要

We argue that governing status affects how voters react to extreme versus moderate policy positions. Being in government forces parties to compromise and to accept ideologically unappealing choices as the best among available alternatives. Steady exposure to government parties in this role and frequent policy compromise by governing parties lead voters to discount the positions of parties when they are in government. Hence, government parties do better in elections when they offset this discounting by taking relatively extreme positions. The relative absence of this discounting dynamic for opposition parties, on the other hand, means that they perform better by taking more moderate positions, as the standard Downsian model would predict. We present evidence from national elections in Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom, 1971–2005, to support this claim.
机译：我们认为执政地位会影响选民对极端和温和政策立场的反应。进入政府迫使各党派妥协并接受意识形态上无吸引力的选择，将其作为现有选择中最好的选择。在这个角色上对政党的不断曝光以及执政党频繁的政策妥协导致选民在政党任职时打折。因此，当政党通过采取相对极端的立场来抵消这种折扣时，在选举中表现会更好。另一方面，对于反对党而言，这种折价机制相对缺乏，这意味着他们可以像标准的唐斯模型所预测的那样，通过采取更为温和的立场来表现更好。我们提供了1971-2005年德国，荷兰，挪威，瑞典和英国举行的全国大选的证据，以支持这一主张。

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