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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Political Science >More Inequality, More Killings: The Maoist Insurgency in Nepal
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More Inequality, More Killings: The Maoist Insurgency in Nepal

机译：更多不平等，更多杀戮：尼泊尔毛派叛乱

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摘要

The hypothesis of inequality as the source of violent conflict is investigated empirically in the context of killings by Nepalese Maoists in their People's War against their government during 1996–2003. The dependent variable is the total number of people killed during that period by Maoist rebels in each of 3,857 villages. Inequality is measured by the Gini, the Esteban-Ray polarization index, and four other between-groups indexes. Using models with district fixed effects, and instrumenting for endogeneity of the inequality measures, we find strong evidence that greater inequality escalated killings by Maoists. Poverty did not necessarily increase violence. Education moderated the effect of inequality on killing, while predominance of farmers and of Nepali speakers exacerbated it. We find evidence that more killings occurred in populous villages, lending support to the idea that violence was directed at expanding the Maoist franchise by demonstrating that opposition to the monarchy and elites in power was possible to achieve.
机译：在尼泊尔毛主义者在1996-2003年间的人民战争中对政府的杀戮中，对不平等作为暴力冲突根源的假设进行了实证研究。因变量是在此期间，毛主义叛军在3857个村庄中的每个村庄杀死的总人数。不平等是通过基尼系数，埃斯特万射线偏振指数和其他四个组间指数来衡量的。使用具有区域固定效应的模型，以及对不平等措施的内生性进行度量的工具，我们发现有力的证据表明，更大的不平等加剧了毛主义者的杀戮。贫穷并不一定会增加暴力。教育减轻了不平等对杀戮的影响，而农民和尼泊尔讲者的占主导地位加剧了这种情况。我们发现有证据表明，在人口稠密的村庄中发生了更多的杀戮事件，这表明暴力是通过扩大对君主专制政权和精英阶层的反对而旨在扩大毛派的专营权的。

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