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WHY BUY THAT THEORY?

机译:为什么买那个理论?

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摘要

The theory of theories goes like this: A theory will be accepted by a scientific community if it explains better (or more of) what is known, fits at its fringes with what is known about other parts of our universe and makes verifiable, preferably risky, predictions. Sometimes it does go like that. So the theory that made my name (and added to the already recognized greatness of the man with whom I collaborated, the synthetic chemist of the 20th century, Robert B. Woodward) did make sense of many disparate and puzzling observations in organic chemistry. And "orbital symmetry control," as our complex of ideas came to be called, made some risky predictions. I remember well the day that Jerry Berson sent us his remarkable experimental results on the stereochemistry of the so-called 1,3-sigmatropic shift. It should proceed in a certain way, he reasoned from our theory―a nonintuitive way. And it did. But much that goes into the acceptance of theories has little to do with rationalization and prediction. Instead, I will claim, what matters is a heady mix of factors in which psychological attitudes figure prominently.
机译:理论的理论是这样的:如果理论能够更好地(或更多地)解释已知的东西,与我们的宇宙其他部分的已知东西相符并且能够验证,最好是冒险的话,那么科学界将接受该理论。 ,预测。有时确实如此。因此,使我成名的理论(并加深了我与之合作的人的知名度,即20世纪的合成化学家Robert B. Woodward)的理解确实使有机化学中的许多不同而令人费解的观察变得有意义。后来我们称之为“复杂性”的“轨道对称控制”做出了一些危险的预测。我还记得那天杰里·伯森(Jerry Berson)向我们发送了他关于所谓的1,3-σ位移的立体化学的杰出实验结果。他根据我们的理论认为,这应该以某种方式进行-一种非直觉的方式。它做到了。但是,接受理论的大部分与合理化和预测无关。相反,我要说的是,重要的是令人心烦的因素混合,其中心理态度占主导地位。

著录项

  • 来源
    《American Scientist》 |2003年第1期|p.9-11|共3页
  • 作者

    Roald Hoffmann;

  • 作者单位

    Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-1301;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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