Deep-Ocean Life Where Oxygen Is Scarce

Lisa A. Levin

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Deep-Ocean Life Where Oxygen Is Scarce

机译：缺乏氧气的深海生活

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In 1925, the Meteor expedition set out from Germany to measure the ocean's depth, study marine chemistry and, on the side, extract gold from seawater. The gold project didn't pan out, but expedition data revealed a curious feature in the Atlantic, off southern Africa: a giant wedge of oxygen-deficient water 300 to 400 meters down. The surface layers of the ocean generally obtain oxygen from diffusion and brisk circulation. This water sinks to the seafloor, supplying oxygen to deep-sea life. But sluggish circulation and oxygen-poor source waters can reduce oxygen concentrations at intermediate depths. In several oceans, this effect is unusually pronounced. Where primary production by photosynthetic life is very high, the decay of sinking organic matter consumes so much oxygen that the middle depths contain dramatically less of the gas than water above or below. Such oxygen-minimum zones, or OMZs, turn up in productive open oceans and on continental margins. They can stretch for thousands of miles and persist for thousands of years.

机译：1925年，流星探险队从德国出发，测量海洋的深度，研究海洋化学，并从海水中提取黄金。黄金项目没有成功，但远征数据显示，南部非洲以外的大西洋有一个奇怪的特征：一个巨大的缺氧水楔落在300至400米以下。海洋的表层通常从扩散和快速循环中获取氧气。这些水沉入海底，为深海生物提供氧气。但是缓慢的循环和缺氧的源水会降低中间深度的氧气浓度。在几个海洋中，这种影响异常明显。在光合作用产生的初级生产力很高的地方，沉没的有机物的腐烂消耗了太多的氧气，以至于中层深度所含的气体比上下的水少得多。这样的最小氧气区（OMZ）在生产性开放海洋和大陆边缘出现。它们可以延伸数千英里，并且可以持续数千年。

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《American Scientist》 |2002年第5期|p.436-444|共9页
作者
Lisa A. Levin;
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作者单位

Integrative Oceanography Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0218;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类自然科学总论;
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Deep-Ocean Life Where Oxygen Is Scarce

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