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首页> 外文期刊>Annales Geophysicae >Comparisons between high-resolution profiles of squared refractive index gradient M-2 measured by the Middle and Upper Atmosphere Radar and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) during the Shigaraki UAV-Radar Experiment 2015 campaign
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Comparisons between high-resolution profiles of squared refractive index gradient M-2 measured by the Middle and Upper Atmosphere Radar and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) during the Shigaraki UAV-Radar Experiment 2015 campaign

机译：在Shigaraki UAV-Radar Experiment 2015活动期间，由中高层大气雷达和无人飞行器（UAV）测量的高分辨率折射率梯度M-2的平方分布之间的比较

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摘要

New comparisons between the square of the generalized potential refractive index gradient M-2, estimated from the very high-frequency (VHF) Middle and Upper Atmosphere (MU) Radar, located at Shigaraki, Japan, and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) measurements are presented. These comparisons were performed at unprecedented temporal and range resolutions (1-4 min and similar to 20 m, respectively) in the altitude range similar to 1.27-4.5 km from simultaneous and nearly collocated measurements made during the ShUREX (Shigaraki UAV-Radar Experiment) 2015 campaign. Seven consecutive UAV flights made during daytime on 7 June 2015 were used for this purpose. The MU Radar was operated in range imaging mode for improving the range resolution at vertical incidence (typically a few tens of meters). The proportionality of the radar echo power to M-2 is reported for the first time at such high time and range resolutions for stratified conditions for which Fresnel scatter or a reflection mechanism is expected. In more complex features obtained for a range of turbulent layers generated by shear instabilities or associated with convective cloud cells, M-2 estimated from UAV data does not reproduce observed radar echo power profiles. Proposed interpretations of this discrepancy are presented.
机译：根据日本Shigaraki的甚高频（VHF）中高层大气（MU）雷达估算的广义潜在折射率梯度M-2的平方与无人飞行器（UAV）测量之间的新比较是提出了。这些比较是在空前的时间和距离分辨率（分别为1-4分钟和类似于20 m）上进行的，距ShUREX（Shigaraki UAV-Radar实验）期间同时进行的几乎并置的测量相似，高度约为1.27-4.5 km。 2015年竞选。为此，2015年6月7日白天连续进行了7次无人机飞行。 MU雷达以距离成像模式运行，以提高垂直入射（通常为几十米）时的距离分辨率。雷达回波功率与M-2的比例是首次在如此高的时间和距离分辨率下报告，用于分层条件下的菲涅耳散射或反射机制。对于由剪切不稳定性产生的或与对流云细胞相关的一系列湍流层，获得的更复杂特征中，从UAV数据估计的M-2不会重现观测到的雷达回波功率剖面。提出了对此差异的建议解释。

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