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首页> 外文期刊>Annals of nuclear energy >Experimental investigations on carbonation of sodium aerosol generated from sodium fire in the context of fast reactor safety
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Experimental investigations on carbonation of sodium aerosol generated from sodium fire in the context of fast reactor safety

机译：快速反应堆安全背景下钠火产生的钠气溶胶碳酸化的实验研究

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摘要

Carbonation of sodium aerosols is the most important aspects to be considered for the evaluation of chemical hazards as a part of fast reactor safety studies. The sodium oxide, immediately formed as the combustion product due to sodium fire, undergoes chemical changes to NaOH, Na_2CO_3 and NaHCO_3 upon reactions with moisture and CO_2 prevailed in the atmosphere. Of which, hydroxide aerosols are highly corrosive and harmful, and it has stringent concentration limit for human exposure. Hence, in order to assess the condition for human intervention in the event of sodium fire, chemical composition of aerosols resulting from controlled sodium fires in a closed Aerosol Test Facility was investigated. The real time chemical species of aerosols generated from sodium fire and the effect of relative humidity (RH) and carbon dioxide concentration in air on carbonation have been studied. The experiments were carried out with the initial mass concentration of ～4 g m~(-3), RH between 20% and 90% and the CO_2 concentration in surrounding environment at 390 and 280 ppm. It is observed from the experimental study that aerosols are enriched with NaOH (0.8 mol fraction) in the beginning stage (samples collected during first few minutes after sodium fire) when surrounding atmosphere contains any of the following compositions -(ⅰ) ～90% RH and 390 ppm CO_2, (ⅱ) ～90% RH and 280 ppm CO_2 or (ⅲ) 50% RH and 280 ppm CO_2 whereas they are almost equally distributed between NaOH and Na_2CO_3 in the beginning stage when the atmosphere has any of the compositions (ⅰ) 50% RH, 390 ppm CO_2, (ⅱ) 20% RH, 390 ppm CO_2 or (ⅲ) 20% RH, 280 ppm CO_2. Carbonation of aerosols is completed between 20 min and 1 h just after sodium fire depending upon the prevailing atmosphere. The present study shows that highly humid condition promotes carbonation process. Faster the carbonation process the lesser would be the chemical hazard.
机译：快速反应堆安全性研究的一部分，钠气溶胶的碳酸化是评估化学危险性应考虑的最重要方面。由于钠火而立即形成燃烧产物的氧化钠，在大气中普遍存在与水分和CO_2的反应后，会发生NaOH，Na_2CO_3和NaHCO_3的化学变化。其中，氢氧化物气溶胶具有很高的腐蚀性和危害性，并且对人体暴露具有严格的浓度极限。因此，为了评估在发生钠火的情况下人为干预的条件，在封闭的气雾剂测试设施中研究了受控钠火产生的气溶胶的化学成分。研究了钠火产生的气溶胶的实时化学种类以及相对湿度（RH）和空气中二氧化碳浓度对碳酸化的影响。实验的初始质量浓度为〜4 g m〜（-3），相对湿度为20％至90％，周围环境中的CO_2浓度为390和280 ppm。从实验研究中观察到，当周围大气包含以下任何一种成分时，气溶胶在开始阶段（钠燃烧后最初几分钟内收集的样品）中就富含NaOH（0.8摩尔分数）-（ⅰ）〜90％RH和390 ppm CO_2，（ⅱ）〜90％RH和280 ppm CO_2或（ⅲ）50％RH和280 ppm CO_2，而当大气具有任何成分时，它们在开始时几乎均匀分布在NaOH和Na_2CO_3之间（ ⅰ）50％RH，390 ppm CO_2，（ⅱ）20％RH，390 ppm CO_2或（ⅲ）20％RH，280 ppm CO_2。取决于主要气氛，在钠火刚发生后的20分钟至1小时内，气溶胶的碳化完成。本研究表明，高度潮湿的条件会促进碳化过程。碳化过程越快，化学危害就越小。

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  • 来源
    《Annals of nuclear energy》 |2015年第6期|188-194|共7页
  • 作者

    R. Anantha Narayanan; V. Subramanian; P. Sahoo; Jitendra Misra; Amit Kumar; R. Baskaran; B. Venkatraman; N. Murali;

  • 作者单位

    Innovative Instrumentation Section, Real Time Systems Division, Electronics Instrumentation & Radiological Safety Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India;

    Radiological Safety Division, Electronics Instrumentation & Radiological Safety Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India;

    Innovative Instrumentation Section, Real Time Systems Division, Electronics Instrumentation & Radiological Safety Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India;

    Radiological Safety Division, Electronics Instrumentation & Radiological Safety Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India;

    Radiological Safety Division, Electronics Instrumentation & Radiological Safety Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India;

    Radiological Safety Division, Electronics Instrumentation & Radiological Safety Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India;

    Radiological Safety Division, Electronics Instrumentation & Radiological Safety Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India;

    Innovative Instrumentation Section, Real Time Systems Division, Electronics Instrumentation & Radiological Safety Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Sodium fire; Sodium aerosol; Chemical speciation; Carbonation;

    机译：钠火;气溶胶钠;化学形态碳化;

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