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Sympathetic activity in obesity: a brief review of methods and supportive data

机译：肥胖中的交感神经活动：方法和支持数据的简要回顾

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摘要

The increase in the prevalence of obesity and the concomitant rise in obesity-related illness have led to substantial pressure on health care systems throughout the world. While the combination of reduced exercise, increased sedentary time, poor diet, and genetic predisposition is undoubtedly pivotal in generating obesity and increasing disease risk, a large body of work indicates that the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) contributes to obesity-related disease development and progression. In obesity, sympathetic nervous activity is regionalized, with activity in some outflows being particularly sensitive to the obese state, whereas other outflows, or responses to stimuli, may be blunted, thereby making the assessment of sympathetic nervous activation in the clinical setting difficult. Isotope dilution methods and direct nerve recording techniques have been developed and utilized in clinical research, demonstrating that in obesity there is preferential activation of the muscle vasoconstrictor and renal sympathetic outflows. With weight loss, sympathetic activity is reduced. Importantly, sympathetic nervous activity is associated with end-organ dysfunction and changes in sympathetic activation that accompany weight loss are often reflected in an improvement of end-organ function. Whether targeting the SNS directly improves obesity-related illness remains unknown, but merits further attention.
机译：肥胖症患病率的增加以及与肥胖症有关的疾病的随之而来，这给全世界的卫生保健系统带来了巨大压力。虽然减少运动，增加久坐时间，不良饮食和遗传易感性的组合无疑在肥胖症和增加疾病风险中起着关键作用，但大量的工作表明交感神经系统（SNS）有助于肥胖症相关疾病的发展和进展。在肥胖症中，交感神经活动是区域性的，某些流出物的活动对肥胖状态特别敏感，而其他流出物或对刺激的反应可能会减弱，从而使临床环境中对交感神经激活的评估变得困难。已经开发出同位素稀释方法和直接神经记录技术，并将其用于临床研究，这表明在肥胖症中，肌肉血管收缩剂和肾交感性流出物优先激活。随着体重减轻，交感神经活动减少。重要的是，交感神经活动与终末器官功能障碍有关，并且伴随体重减轻的交感神经激活的变化通常反映在终末器官功能的改善中。靶向SNS是否能直接改善肥胖相关疾病尚不清楚，但值得进一步关注。

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    《Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences》 |2019年第10期|56-67|共12页
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    Swinburne Univ Technol Iverson Hlth Innovat Res Inst Hawthorn Vic 3122 Australia|Swinburne Univ Technol Sch Hlth Sci Hawthorn Vic Australia;

    Univ Western Australia Royal Perth Hosp Unit Sch Med Dobney Hypertens Ctr Perth WA Australia;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    obesity; metabolic syndrome; norepinephrine; microneurography;

    机译：肥胖;代谢综合征;去甲肾上腺素微神经造影;

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