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Tests for z-direction fibre orientation in paper

机译：测试纸张中z方向的纤维方向

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Fibres that acquire a z-direction tilt in the forming process help bond adjacent strata of the paper sheet, increasing z-direction shear. Fibre tilt manifests itself as a measurement difference when directionally sensitive tests are conducted 'toward headbox" or 'toward reel." Seven of eight different paper grades ranging in grammage from 73 to 268 g/m2 were found to show this difference for Scott-internal-bond tests, directional-brightness tests, or both. Test results were compared for 180° rotations in the machine direction and cross-machine direction. Three-eights of the rotations showed significant directional effects at the 75-100% confidence level, including roughly equal numbers of Scott bond and brightness tests. However, the two tests did not reinforce each other strongly, possibly because of depth variations in z-direction tilt. A model emphasizing tilt of MD fibres caused by rush or drag conditions was well supported by Scott-bond testing. Directional effects in CD testing appear to require a more complex model based on cross flows in the forming section.
机译：在成型过程中获得z方向倾斜的纤维有助于粘合纸张的相邻层，从而增加z方向的剪切力。当在“朝流浆箱”或“朝卷筒”方向进行敏感测试时，纤维倾斜表现为测量差异。发现在重量范围从73到268 g / m2的八种不同纸张等级中，有七种在Scott内部粘结测试，方向亮度测试或两者之间显示出这种差异。比较了在纵向和横向上旋转180°的测试结果。在75-100％的置信度下，八分之三的旋转显示出明显的方向效应，包括数量大致相等的Scott键和亮度测试。但是，这两个测试并没有互相增强，可能是因为z方向倾斜的深度变化。 Scott-bond测试很好地支持了一个模型，该模型强调了由急速或拖曳条件引起的MD纤维倾斜。 CD测试中的方向效应似乎需要基于成型部分中的交叉流动的更复杂模型。

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