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The impact of urban noise on primary schools. Perceptive evaluation and objective assessment

机译：城市噪声对小学的影响。感知评估和客观评估

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This paper aims to assess the impact of environmental noise in the vicinity of primary schools and to analyze its influence in the workplace and in student performance through perceptions and objective evaluation. The subjective evaluation consisted of the application of questionnaires to students and teachers, and the objective assessment consisted of measuring in situ noise levels. The survey covered nine classes located in three primary schools. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used for data processing and to draw conclusions. Additionally, the relationship of the difference between environmental and background noise levels of each classroom and students with difficulties in hearing the teacher's voice was examined. Noise levels in front of the school, the schoolyard, and the most noise-exposed classrooms (occupied and unoccupied) were measured. Indoor noise levels were much higher than World Health Organization (WHO) recommended values: L-Aeq,L-30min averaged 70.5 dB(A) in occupied classrooms, and 38.6 dB(A) in unoccupied ones. Measurements of indoor and outdoor noise suggest that noise from the outside (road, schoolyard) affects the background noise level in classrooms but in varying degrees. It was concluded that the facades most exposed to road traffic noise are subjected to values higher than 55.0 dB(A), and noise levels inside the classrooms are mainly due to the schoolyard, students, and the road traffic. The difference between background (L-A95,L-30min) and the equivalent noise levels (L-Aeq,L-30min) in occupied classrooms was 19.2 dB(A), which shows that students' activities are a significant source of classroom noise. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：本文旨在评估环境噪声对小学附近的影响，并通过感知和客观评估来分析其对工作场所和学生表现的影响。主观评估包括对学生和教师的问卷调查，客观评估包括测量现场噪声水平。调查覆盖了三所小学的九个班级。社会科学统计软件包用于数据处理和得出结论。此外，还研究了每个教室的环境和背景噪音水平与难以听到老师声音的学生之间的环境噪声关系。测量了学校，校园和噪声暴露最严重的教室（已占用和未占用）的噪声水平。室内噪音水平远高于世界卫生组织（WHO）的建议值：占用教室的L-Aeq，L-30min平均为70.5 dB（A），而无人教室为38.6 dB（A）。室内和室外噪声的测量表明，外部（道路，校园）的噪声会影响教室的背景噪声水平，但程度不同。得出的结论是，最容易受到道路交通噪音影响的外墙的值高于55.0 dB（A），教室内部的噪音水平主要是由校园，学生和道路交通造成的。占用教室的背景（L-A95，L-30min）与等效噪声水平（L-Aeq，L-30min）之间的差为19.2 dB（A），这表明学生的活动是教室噪声的重要来源。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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