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Field measurements on wind effects to propagation of road traffic noise over open and flat ground

机译：现场测量风对空旷平坦地面上道路交通噪声传播的影响

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摘要

There has been carried out a number of experimental studies with regard to wind effects to outdoor sound propagation. Most of the studies deal with propagation from steady-state point source such as a loudspeaker in case of field measurements. However, wind effects to more realistic sources, such as road traffic noise sources which are considered to be time-varying line sources, are hardly known in public literature. In the present study, the wind effects to acoustic propagation from a straight road with intense traffic to an open and flat field were investigated through field measurements in order to specifically illustrate the effects of such sources. Two measurement points were placed at 40 m and 140 m distance from the subject road. The results show that (1) The standard deviations of sound pressure levels (SPLs) at the measurement points were around 2 dB for both receiver distances. (2) The effect of perpendicular component of wind velocity to the road direction was slightly stronger than the ASJ Model which was mostly derived from point-source experiments. (3) The effect of source time-variance was effectively taken out by taking the difference in SPLs at the nearby and distant measurement points, in which case the standard deviations of the excess attenuation were reduced to around 1.3 dB. (4) Slight tendency of coherence magnitude of sound pressure between the receivers converging to zero with increasing turbulent kinetic energy is observed in 125 Hz and 250 Hz bands. Meanwhile, the effect of parallel wind velocity component to the road still remained unclear and thus requires further investigations.
机译：关于风对室外声音传播的影响，已经进行了许多实验研究。大多数研究涉及在现场测量情况下从稳态点源（例如扬声器）传播的情况。然而，在公共文献中几乎不知道对更现实的源（例如，被认为是时变线源的道路交通噪声源）的风影响。在本研究中，通过现场测量研究了风对从交通繁忙的直路到开阔平坦场的声传播的影响，以具体说明此类声源的影响。将两个测量点放置在距主题道路40 m和140 m的距离处。结果表明：（1）对于两个接收器距离，测量点处的声压级（SPL）的标准偏差均为2 dB左右。 （2）风速垂直于道路方向的影响要比ASJ模型强，ASJ模型主要来自点源实验。 （3）通过测量附近和远处测量点的SPL差异，有效地消除了源时变的影响，在这种情况下，过量衰减的标准偏差减小到1.3 dB左右。 （4）在125 Hz和250 Hz波段中，随着湍动能的增加，接收器之间的声压相干幅度趋于收敛为零的趋势很小。同时，平行风速分量对道路的影响仍不清楚，因此需要进一步研究。

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