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Acoustical measurements of masks and the effects on the speech intelligibility in university classrooms

机译：声学测量掩模和对大学教室语音情感的影响

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Acoustical measurements of three different masks, surgical, KF94, and N95 respirator (3 M 9210+) were performed and compared with the results obtained with no mask on a dummy head mouth simulator to understand the acoustical effects of the three different masks on speech sounds. The speech intelligibility and perceived difficulty of understanding speech sounds with and without an N95 mask were also measured using speech signals convolved with previously measured impulse responses in 12 occupied university classrooms. The acoustic attenuations with the three masks were greatest in front of the talker. The surgical, and KF94 masks resulted in 6-12 dB reductions of high frequency sounds between 2 kHz and 5 kHz, and the N95 respirator decreased sound levels by an additional 2-6 dB at these frequencies. Both surgical, and KF94 masks performed acoustically better at high frequencies between 2 kHz and 5 kHz than N95 mask did. The mean trends of the speech intelligibility test results indicate that young adult listeners at university achieve a mean score of 90% correct at a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value of + 8 dBA or higher for no mask conditions, which is a 4 dBA lower SNR value than for N95 mask conditions. The intelligibility scores obtained with N95 mask conditions decreased the correct scores by a maximum of 10% at a SNR of 5 dBA or lower compared to the results obtained with no mask conditions. The perceived difficulty ratings obtained in N95 mask conditions increased the ratings by a maximum of 10% at lower SNR values compared to the results obtained in no mask conditions. Achieving higher SI scores of 95% or more doesn't indicate that the listeners experience no difficulty at all in understanding speech sounds. Higher SNR values are beneficial for achieving better speech communication for both no mask and an N95 mask on a talker in classrooms. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：进行三种不同掩模，手术，KF94和N95呼吸器（3M 9210+）的声学测量，并与在虚设头部嘴模拟器上没有掩模的结果进行比较，以了解语音声音上三种不同面具的声学效果。使用与先前占领的大学教室中的先前测量的脉冲响应卷积，还测量了解语音声音和没有N95面膜的语音可懂性和感知难度。与三个面具的声学衰减在谈话者面前最大。手术和KF94掩模导致高频声音的6-12 dB减少在2 kHz和5 kHz之间，N95呼吸器在这些频率下额外的2-6dB减少了声音水平。手术和kf94面罩都在声学上的高频在2 kHz和5kHz之间进行声学，而不是N95面膜。语音识别性测试结果的平均趋势表明，大学的年轻成人听众在没有掩模条件的信噪比（SNR）值为+ 8 dBA或更高的信噪比（SNR）值的平均得分为90％。 4 DBA较低的SNR值比N95掩模条件低。与N95掩模条件获得的可智能性分数在5dBA的SNR中最多10％，与没有掩模条件的结果相比，SNR或更低。与在无掩模条件下获得的结果相比，N95掩模条件中获得的感知难度额定在较低的SNR值下最大10％。实现高95％或更多的SI分数并不表明听众在理解语音声音方面没有困难。较高的SNR值对于在教室的讲话者上实现更好的语音通信和在讲话者上实现更好的语音通信。 （c）2021 elestvier有限公司保留所有权利。

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