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A hybrid full MAS and Combined MAS/TSA Algorithm for Electromagnetic Induction Sensing

机译：混合全MAS和MAS / TSA组合算法用于电磁感应

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摘要

Electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensing, in both frequency and time domains, is emerging as one of the most promising remote sensing technologies for detection and discrimination of buried metallic objects, particularly unexploded ordinance (UXO). UXO sites are highly contaminated with metallic clutter so that the major problem is discrimination not detection. This requires high fidelity forward modeling for successful inversion and classification. Recently, the method of auxiliary sources (MAS) has been applied for solving a large range of ultra-wideband (1 Hz- 300 kHz) electromagnetic induction problems. For a highly conducting and permeable metallic object, when the skin depth becomes small (at high frequency, i.e. induction number >100) the efficiency of the MAS is reduced significantly. Other methods are stressed in this region as well. At the same time the Thin Skin Approximation (TSA), which is based on the divergence free Maxwell's equation in a thin layer, infinitely close to the boundary interior, has shown very accurate results at high frequency/induction number. In this paper a hybrid algorithm, with standard MAS and also the MAS with TSA, is introduced and applied for solving the electromagnetic induction forward problem. Once the broadband frequency domain (FD) electromagnetic response is found it is translated into time domain (TD) using an inverse Fourier transform specialized for the characteristic TD input form. Numerical experiments are performed for highly conducting and permeable canonical objects, illuminated by a magnetic dipole or a loop antenna. These tests indicate that an algorithm using either the full MAS or MAS-TSA formulation, where appropriate, should provide a simulator that is applicable and efficient enough for fast 3-D solutions on a PC, under all conditions across the EMI band in both frequency and time domains.
机译：在频域和时域中的电磁感应（EMI）感应都正在成为最有前途的遥感技术之一，用于探测和辨别埋藏的金属物体，特别是未爆炸条例（UXO）。 UXO场所被金属杂物高度污染，因此主要问题是辨别而不是检测。这需要高保真正向建模才能成功进行反演和分类。近来，辅助源（MAS）方法已被用于解决大范围的超宽带（1Hz-300kHz）电磁感应问题。对于高导电性和高渗透性的金属物体，当趋肤深度变小时（在高频下，即感应数> 100），MAS的效率将大大降低。在该地区也强调了其他方法。同时，薄层近似（TSA）是基于无限远靠近边界内部的薄层中无散度的麦克斯韦方程的，它在高频/感应数下显示出非常精确的结果。本文提出了一种混合算法，该算法具有标准的MAS以及具有TSA的MAS，并被用于解决电磁感应正向问题。一旦找到宽带频域（FD）电磁响应，就可以使用专用于特征TD输入形式的逆傅立叶变换将其转换为时域（TD）。对高导电性和高渗透性的规范对象进行了数值实验，这些对象被磁偶极子或环形天线照亮。这些测试表明，在适当的情况下，使用完整MAS或MAS-TSA公式的算法应提供一种仿真器，该仿真器适用于PC上的快速3-D解决方案，并且在整个EMI频段上的所有条件下都足够有效和时域。

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