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Intermodal traffic, regulatory change and carbon energy conservation in US freight transport

机译:美国货运中的联运,监管变化和碳节约

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摘要

Conserving transport carbon emissions is an important policy goal. Conventional wisdom often holds that conservation is best achieved by increased regulation, and that such gains are best achieved in passenger auto transport (fuel efficiency standards or diversion to transit). We argue that the growth of rail freight has conserved carbon fuel use in the United States, and that fuel-saving changes have been facilitated by reduced regulation since 1980. Methods used include estimation of translog cost functions (and related demand functions for fuel) for intermodal rail and for truck, allowing controlled comparisons of modal fuel use. We find intermodal rail (e.g. trailer on flatcar) to be a powerful conserver: if intermodal rail were eliminated, and traffic transferred to over-the-highway truck, extra annual carbon emissions would be nearly 25 Tg. By comparison, if urban passenger transit were eliminated and replaced by autos (according to one study) the extra annual emissions would be only 3.9 Tg.
机译:节约运输中的碳排放是一项重要的政策目标。传统观点通常认为,通过加强监管可以最好地实现保护,而在客运汽车中(燃油效率标准或改道过境)则可以最好地实现这种收益。我们认为,铁路货运的增长在美国一直在节约碳燃料的使用,并且自1980年以来法规的减少推动了燃油节省的变化。所使用的方法包括估算以下运输工具的超量成本函数(以及相关的燃料需求函数)多式联运铁路和卡车,允许对多式联运燃料的使用进行受控比较。我们发现联运铁路(例如平板车上的拖车)是一个强大的支持者:如果取消联运铁路,并将交通转移到公路卡车上,每年的额外碳排放量将接近25 Tg。相比之下,根据一项研究,如果取消城市客运并由汽车代替(根据一项研究),那么每年的额外排放量仅为3.9 Tg。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Applied Economics》 |2011年第27期|p.3945-3963|共19页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Management, Marketing and Finance, College of Business, North Dakota State University, PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA;

    Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
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