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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Energy >Human-based energy retrofits in residential buildings: A cost-effective alternative to traditional physical strategies
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Human-based energy retrofits in residential buildings: A cost-effective alternative to traditional physical strategies

机译：住宅建筑中基于人的能源改造：传统物理策略的一种经济高效的替代方案

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Dynamic simulation is used in new buildings and renovations with the purpose to predict their thermal-energy performance, typically assuming a standard use of the buildings. Even if the role of occupants' behavior is widely acknowledged to be a key factor influencing energy consumption in buildings, these predictive models are not used to quantify specific benefits deriving from precise occupants' actions. In this work, a numerical-experimental campaign is carried out in a village of green buildings in central Italy, where the most innovative and efficient technologies are already implemented and, therefore, where further physical active or passive retrofits would not be cost-effective. This work demonstrates that, through a sophisticated theoretical-experimental modeling of a residential village, a substantial further energy saving is still to be achieved through zero-cost simple actions, i.e. human-based energy retrofits. Ordinary actions of energy waste reduction are described within the physical model with the final purpose to quantify the effect of occupancy operations considered at the same level of traditional physical retrofit scenarios. The combination of these human-based energy retrofits produces an annual personal primary energy saving of 239 kW h/person in the village, and a corresponding annual money saving of 84 €/person. This work shows that, when theoretical dynamic simulation models are performed in order to investigate buildings' thermal-energy behavior and predict the cost-benefit efficacy of common physical energy retrofits, simple and effective human-based energy retrofits should be considered at the same level of physical retrofits, and even before them, for their intrinsic technical and economical efficacy.
机译：动态模拟用于新建筑物和装修中，目的是预测建筑物的热能性能，通常假设建筑物是标准用途。即使人们的行为举止被认为是影响建筑物能耗的关键因素，这些预测模型也不能用于量化精确的居民行为所产生的特定收益。在这项工作中，在意大利中部的一个绿色建筑村庄中开展了一项数字实验运动，该村庄已经实施了最具创新性和效率的技术，因此，进一步的主动或被动翻新改造将不具有成本效益。这项工作表明，通过对一个居住村庄进行复杂的理论-实验建模，仍然可以通过零成本的简单操作（即基于人的能源改造）进一步实现更大的节能效果。在物理模型中描述了减少能源浪费的常规措施，其最终目的是量化在与传统物理改造方案相同的水平下考虑的占用操作的效果。这些以人为本的能源改造措施的结合，在村中每年可为个人节省239千瓦时/人的主要一次能源，相应地，每年可节省84欧元/人。这项工作表明，在进行理论动态模拟模型以调查建筑物的热能行为并预测常见物理能效改造的成本效益时，应在同一层面上考虑简单有效的基于人的能效改造进行物理改造，甚至在改造之前，都是因为其固有的技术和经济效益。

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