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Potential for increased wind-generated electricity utilization using heat pumps in urban areas

机译：在城市地区使用热泵增加风力发电的潜力

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摘要

The U.S. has substantial wind power potential, but given wind's intermittent availability and misalignment with electricity demand profiles, large-scale deployment of wind turbines could result in high electricity costs due to energy storage requirements or low utilization rates. While fuel switching and heat pumps have been proposed as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy reduction strategies at the building scale, this paper shows that heat pump adoption could have additional system-wide benefits by increasing the utilization of wind-generated electricity. A model was developed to evaluate the effects of coupling large-scale wind power installations in New York State with increased use of electric heat pumps to meet a portion of space heating and domestic hot water (DHW) demands in New York City. The analysis showed significant increases in wind-generated electricity utilization with increased use of heat pumps, allowing for higher installed capacity of wind power. One scenario indicates that 78.5% annual wind-generated electricity utilization can be achieved with 3 GW of installed wind power capacity generated electricity equal to 20% of existing NYC annual electricity demand; if 20% of space heating and DHW demands are provided by heat pumps, the 78.5% utilization rate can be achieved with an increase of total wind power capacity to 5 GW. Therefore, this integrated supply-demand approach could provide additional system-wide emissions reductions.
机译：美国具有巨大的风力发电潜力，但是鉴于风力的间歇性可用性以及与电力需求状况的失调，由于储能需求或利用率低下，大规模部署风力涡轮机可能会导致高电费。虽然已经提出了在建筑规模上使用燃料开关和热泵作为温室气体（GHG）排放和节能策略的建议，但本文显示，通过提高风力发电的利用率，采用热泵可能会在整个系统范围内带来更多好处。开发了一个模型，以评估纽约州大规模风能装置与增加使用电热泵的配合效果的效果，以满足纽约市部分空间供暖和生活热水（DHW）的需求。分析表明，随着热泵使用量的增加，风力发电的使用量显着增加，从而提高了风力发电的装机容量。一种情况表明，如果风电装机容量为3吉瓦，发电量相当于纽约市现有年度电力需求的20％，则可以实现78.5％的年度风力发电量；如果通过热泵提供20％的空间供暖和DHW需求，则将总风电容量增加到5 GW可以达到78.5％的利用率。因此，这种综合供需方法可以提供全系统范围内的额外减排。

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