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首页> 外文期刊>Applied economics letters >Twenty-first century bootlegging: unlawful wine shipments and direct-to- consumer laws
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Twenty-first century bootlegging: unlawful wine shipments and direct-to- consumer laws

机译：二十一世纪的走私活动：非法的葡萄酒运输和直接面向消费者的法律

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Direct to consumer (DTC) shipping has been a burgeoning segment of the wine industry for some time. However, regulatory policy has not kept pace with the growing reach and availability of these wines which has left this sector of economic activity prohibited in states that historically disallowed DTC wine shipping. Using detailed shipping records of wine shipments into the state of Oklahoma, a state that explicitly disallows direct shipping, we describe the nature of illegal wine purchasing in the face of prohibition by linking economic data from the American Community Survey at the zipcode level for each purchase. We find that zipcodes with 10% higher incomes purchase 7.4-9.3% more DTC wine, and that race is not a useful predictor in DTC demand. Our results have forward-looking relevance as well as more states amend their laws to allow DTC wine shipping. In just a 6-month period, an estimated $186,629 may not have been collected in excise and sales taxes in Oklahoma. This figure is plausibly a lower bound of future tax collections due to DTC prohibition.
机译：直接到消费者（DTC）的运输在葡萄酒行业中已经发展了一段时间。但是，监管政策并未跟上这些葡萄酒的日益普及和普及的步伐，这使得该经济活动领域在历史上禁止DTC葡萄酒运输的州被禁止了。使用进入俄克拉荷马州（明确禁止直接运输的州）的葡萄酒运输的详细运输记录，我们通过将每次购买的邮政编码区域美国社区调查的经济数据链接起来，来描述非法葡萄酒在禁酒令下的性质。 。我们发现收入高出10％的邮政编码购买的DTC葡萄酒增加了7.4-9.3％，而种族对于DTC需求并不是有用的预测指标。我们的结果具有前瞻性，而且还有更多的州修改其法律以允许DTC葡萄酒的运输。在短短6个月的时间里，俄克拉荷马州可能未收到约186,629美元的消费税和营业税。由于禁止DTC，这个数字似乎是未来税收的下限。

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