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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Mathematical Modelling >Tear film dynamics with evaporation, osmolarity and surfactant transport
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Tear film dynamics with evaporation, osmolarity and surfactant transport

机译：含蒸发，渗透压和表面活性剂运输的泪膜动力学

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In this article we develop a model for the evaporation and rupture of the tear film. The tear film is generally considered a multi-layer structure which we simplify to a single layer in our modeling. We examine how well the floating lipid layer can be approximated by a mobile insoluble surfactant monolayer in the context of lubrication theory with film rupture "breakup" in the tear film literature. This model includes the effects of surface tension, insoluble surfactant monolayer transport, solutal Marangoni effects, evaporation, osmolarity transport, osmosis and wettability of corneal surface. Evaporation is hypothesized to be dependent on pressure, temperature and surface concentration at the surface of the film. A focus of this paper is to study the competition between the effect of increasing surfactant concentration to (1) slowing down evaporation and (2) lowering surface tension. The solutal Marangoni effect, for local increases in surfactant concentration, can induce local thinning and this effect always seems to dominate the reduction in thinning rate due to evaporation in our model. It also seems to eliminate any localized area of increased evaporation due to reduced surfactant concentration. Osmolarity in the tear film increases because water lost to the average evaporation rate and to a lesser extent by flow inside the film. The presence of van der Waals conjoining pressure is only significant when osmosis is very small or absent. The model predicts that the Marangoni effect coupled with evaporation can determine the location of first breakup; it also agrees with another model of breakup that predicts elevated osmolaritv when breakup occurs.
机译：在本文中，我们开发了泪膜蒸发和破裂的模型。泪膜通常被认为是多层结构，我们在建模中将其简化为单层。我们在眼泪膜文献中，在具有膜破裂“破裂”的润滑理论的背景下，研究了移动性不溶性表面活性剂单层膜对漂浮脂质层的近似程度。该模型包括表面张力，不溶性表面活性剂单层传输，溶性马兰戈尼效应，蒸发，渗透压传输，渗透和角膜表面润湿性的影响。假设蒸发取决于薄膜表面的压力，温度和表面浓度。本文的重点是研究增加表面活性剂浓度对（1）减慢蒸发速度和（2）降低表面张力的影响之间的竞争。对于表面活性剂浓度的局部增加，溶质的马兰戈尼效应可引起局部稀化，而该效应似乎总是主导了由于我们模型中的蒸发而导致的稀化速率降低。由于表面活性剂浓度降低，似乎也消除了蒸发增加的任何局部区域。泪膜的渗透压增加，因为水损失到平均蒸发速率，并且由于膜内部的流动而损失的程度较小。只有当渗透很小或没有渗透时，范德华力联合压力的存在才有意义。该模型预测，Marangoni效应和蒸发可以确定首次破裂的位置。这也与另一种预测分裂的模型一致，该模型预测发生分裂时渗透压升高。

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