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Genetic tools for cyanobacteria

机译：蓝细菌的遗传工具

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Cyanobacteria are oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria that have been used increasingly to study diverse biological processes, including photosynthesis and its regulation; cell differentiation and N2 fixation; metabolism of nitrogen, carbon, and hydrogen; resistance to environmental stresses; and molecular evolution. Many vectors and other genetic tools have been developed for unicellular and filamentous strains of cyanobacteria. Transformation, electroporation, and conjugation are used for gene transfer. Diverse methods of mutagenesis allow the isolation of many sought-for kinds of mutants, including site-directed mutants of specific genes. Reporter genes permit measurement of the level of transcription of particular genes, and assays of transcription within individual colonies or within individual cells in a filament. Complete genomic sequences have been obtained for the unicellular cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 and the filamentous, heterocyst-forming cyanobacterium, Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120. Genomic sequence projects are under way for Nostoc punctiforme strain PCC 73102 (ATCC 29133) and strains of the unicellular genera, Synechococcus, Prochlorococcus, and Gloeobacter. Genomic sequence data provide the opportunity for global monitoring of changes in genetic expression at transcriptional and translational levels in response to variations in environmental conditions. The availability of genomic sequences accelerates the identification, study, modification and comparison of cyanobacterial genes, and facilitates analysis of evolutionary relationships, including the relationship of chloroplasts to ancient cyanobacteria. The many available genetic tools enhance the opportunities for possible biotechnological applications of cyanobacteria.
机译：蓝细菌是一种含氧的光合细菌，已被越来越多地用于研究各种生物过程，包括光合作用及其调控。细胞分化和N2 固定氮，碳和氢的代谢；抵抗环境压力；和分子进化。已经为蓝藻的单细胞和丝状菌株开发了许多载体和其他遗传工具。转化，电穿孔和缀合用于基因转移。诱变的不同方法可以分离出许多寻找的突变体，包括特定基因的定点突变体。报告基因允许测量特定基因的转录水平，并检测细丝中单个菌落或单个细胞内的转录。已获得单细胞蓝藻，集胞藻属的完整基因组序列。 PCC 6803菌株和丝状，形成异囊的蓝细菌Anabaena sp.。 PCC 7120菌株。点状Nostoc PCC 73102（ATCC 29133）以及单细胞属，Synechococcus，Prochlorococcus和Gloeobacter菌株的基因组序列研究正在进行中。基因组序列数据为响应环境条件的变化，在转录和翻译水平上全局监测基因表达的变化提供了机会。基因组序列的可用性加快了蓝细菌基因的鉴定，研究，修饰和比较，并有助于分析进化关系，包括叶绿体与古代蓝细菌的关系。许多可用的遗传工具为蓝细菌的生物技术应用增加了机会。

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  • 来源
    《Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology》 |2002年第2期|123-137|共15页
  • 作者

    O. Koksharova; C. Wolk;

  • 作者单位

    MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA;

    MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA;

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