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Detection of Uranium Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

机译：激光诱导击穿光谱法检测铀

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The goal of this work is a detailed study of uranium detection by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for application to activities associated with environmental surveillance and detecting weapons of mass destruction (WMD). The study was used to assist development of LIBS instruments for standoff detection of bulk radiological and nuclear materials and these materials distributed as contaminants on surfaces. Uranium spectra were analyzed under a variety of different conditions at room pressure, reduced pressures, and in an argon atmosphere. All spectra displayed a high apparent background due to the high density of uranium lines. Time decay curves of selected uranium lines were monitored and compared to other elements in an attempt to maximize detection capabilities for each species in the complicated uranium spectrum. A survey of the LIBS uranium spectra was conducted and relative emission line strengths were determined over the range of 260 to 800 nm. These spectra provide a guide for selection of the strongest LIBS analytical lines for uranium detection in different spectral regions. A detection limit for uranium in soil of 0.26% w/w was obtained at close range and 0.5% w/w was achieved at a distance of 30 m. Surface detection limits were substrate dependent and ranged from 13 to 150 μg/cm2. Double-pulse experiments (both collinear and orthogonal arrangements) were shown to enhance the uranium signal in some cases. Based on the results of this work, a short critique is given of the applicability of LIBS for the detection of uranium residues on surfaces for environmental monitoring and WMD surveillance.
机译：这项工作的目的是详细研究通过激光诱导击穿光谱法（LIBS）进行铀检测，以将其应用于与环境监测和检测大规模毁灭性武器（WMD）相关的活动。该研究被用于协助LIBS仪器的开发，该仪器可用于对散装放射和核材料以及这些材料作为污染物分布在表面上进行间隔检测。在室温，减压和氩气氛下的各种不同条件下分析了铀光谱。由于铀线密度高，所有光谱均显示出高表观背景。监测所选铀谱线的时间衰减曲线，并将其与其他元素进行比较，以最大程度地提高复杂铀谱中每种物质的检测能力。进行了LIBS铀光谱的调查，并确定了在260至800 nm范围内的相对发射谱线强度。这些光谱为选择最强的LIBS分析线提供了指导，以用于不同光谱区域中的铀检测。在近距离处获得的土壤中铀的检出限为0.26％w / w，而在30 m处达到0.5％w / w。表面检测限取决于底物，范围为13至150μg/ cm 2 。在某些情况下，双脉冲实验（共线和正交排列）被证明可以增强铀信号。根据这项工作的结果，简述了LIBS在检测环境监测和大规模杀伤性武器监测表面铀残留物中的适用性。

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    《Applied Spectroscopy》 |2009年第11期|1238-1250|共13页
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