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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity >Superconducting Lines for the Transmission of Large Amounts of Electrical Power Over Great Distances: Garwin–Matisoo Revisited Forty Years Later
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Superconducting Lines for the Transmission of Large Amounts of Electrical Power Over Great Distances: Garwin–Matisoo Revisited Forty Years Later

机译：用于远距离传输大量电能的超导线：四十年后重新审视的Garwin–Matisoo

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摘要

In 1966, following a decade of discovery and development on A15 compounds, Richard Garwin and Juri Matisoo , two research staff members then in the IBM Research Division, submitted for publication a paper examining the prospect to employ one of the most promising of these materials, ${rm Nb}_{3}{rm Sn}$, in a cable system for transmission of electricity. The scale of their proposal was truly enormous $-$100 GW ($+/-$ 100 kV at 500 kA direct current) over a distance of 1000 km, the entire length refrigerated by liquid helium. At the time, such a cable would have been capable of carrying half the entire electric power generated in the United States, and about one-tenth today. This paper will revisit their vision in the context of the subsequent discovery of high temperature superconductivity twenty years later, and the now emerging availability of long lengths of high performance wire and tape for operation in the 20–80 K range. Whereas the scenario set by Garwin and Matisoo addressed the one-way transmission of electricity from remote coal and nuclear generation multi-plant “farms” to large population centers, we will extend their picture to include two-way transmission on a diurnal or longer period to take advantage of regional electricity pricing and production which has resulted from the deregulation of generation. We conclude that the advent of high temperature superconductivity substantially extends and brings closer both the technical and economic feasibility of Garwin and Matisoo''''s dream. However, we note, as did they, the caveat that “whether it is desirable or necessary is another matter entirely.” We believe this question will be decided in the affirmative as societal demands continue to increase for- the clean, reliable and ecologically gentle delivery of large amounts of electric power, a need that was foreseen but not as overriding forty years ago as it is now.
机译：1966年，在对A15化合物进行了十多年的发现和开发之后，当时IBM研究部的两名研究人员Richard Garwin和Juri Matisoo提交了一篇论文，以研究使用这些材料中最有前景的一种的前景，从而发表论文， $ {rm Nb} _ {3} {rm Sn} $，在用于电力传输的电缆系统中。他们提议的规模在1000公里的距离上确实是巨大的$-$ 100 GW（在500 kA直流电时为$ + /-$ 100 kV），整个长度由液氦制冷。当时，这种电缆本来可以承载美国产生的全部电力的一半，而如今却只有十分之一。本文将在20年后发现高温超导性的背景下，以及现在出现的可在20–80 K范围内运行的较长长度的高性能电线和胶带的重新出现的背景下，重新审视他们的愿景。鉴于Garwin和Matisoo提出的方案解决了从偏远的煤炭和核能发电多厂“农场”向大型人口中心的单向电力传输，但我们将把它们的范围扩大到包括昼夜或更长时间的双向传输利用由于放宽管制而产生的区域电价和生产。我们得出的结论是，高温超导的出现大大扩展并拉近了Garwin和Matisoo梦的技术和经济可行性。但是，正如他们一样，我们注意到一个警告，即“是否需要或完全是另一回事”。我们相信，随着社会对清洁，可靠和生态温和的大量电力输送需求的持续增长，这个问题将得到肯定的决定。这种需求是可以预见的，但并没有像现在这样四十年前就被推翻。

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