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Synthesis and characterization of resorcinol-formaldehyde resin chars doped by zinc oxide

机译:氧化锌掺杂的间苯二酚-甲醛树脂炭的合成与表征

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Polycondensation polymerization of resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) mixtures in water with addition of different amounts of zinc acetate and then carbonization of dried gels are studied to prepare ZnO doped chars. Zinc acetate as a catalyst of resorcinol-formaldehyde polycondensation affects structural features of the RF resin (RFR) and, therefore, the texture of chars prepared from Zn-doped RFR. The ZnO doped chars are characterized using thermogravimetry, low temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). At a relatively high content of zinc acetate (1 mol per 10-40 mol of resorcinol) in the reaction mixture, the formation of crystallites of ZnO (zincite) occurs in a shape of straight nanorods of 20-130 nm in diameter and 1-3 μm in length. At a small content of zinc acetate (1 mol per 100-500 mol of resorcinol), ZnO in composites is XRD amorphous and does not form individual particles. The ZnO doped chars are pure nanoporous at a minimal ZnO content and nano-mesoporous or nano-meso-macroporous at a higher ZnO content.
机译:研究了间苯二酚-甲醛(RF)混合物在水中的缩聚聚合反应,并添加了不同量的乙酸锌,然后对干凝胶进行了碳化,以制备掺杂ZnO的炭。乙酸锌作为间苯二酚-甲醛缩聚的催化剂会影响RF树脂(RFR)的结构特征,并因此影响由掺杂Zn的RFR制备的炭的质地。使用热重分析法,低温氮吸附/解吸,拉曼光谱,X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和高分辨率透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)对ZnO掺杂的炭进行表征。在反应混合物中乙酸锌含量较高(每10-40摩尔间苯二酚为1摩尔)时,ZnO(锌矿)的微晶形成为直径为20-130 nm的直纳米棒状,并且1-长度为3μm。在少量乙酸锌(每100-500 mol间苯二酚为1 mol)中,复合材料中的ZnO是XRD非晶态的,不会形成单个颗粒。 ZnO掺杂的炭是在最小的ZnO含量下是纯纳米孔,而在较高的ZnO含量下是纳米中孔或纳米中型大孔。

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