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Effectiveness of different types of block ramps for fish upstream movement

机译：不同类型的坡道对鱼类上游运动的有效性

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摘要

Rivers are worldwide highly fragmented due to human impacts. This fragmentation has a negative effect on fish movement and dispersal. Many artificial barriers such as river bed sills and small weirs are nowadays replaced by block ramps in order to reestablish longitudinal connectivity for fish in rivers and streams. We studied the upstream passage of several fish species on different types of block ramps with slopes between 3.6 and 13.4 %. We conducted translocation experiments in the field based on mark-recapture and on the use of PIT-tags. Temporal movement patterns were observed by an instream antenna. Hydraulic and morphological characteristics of block ramps were measured and compared with fish passage efficiency. Our results clearly showed that upstream passage efficiency differs between fish species, size classes and block ramps. We observed that brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) performed better than bullhead (Cottus gobio) and several cyprinid species on the same block ramps. Passage efficiency of brown trout and chub (Leuciscus cephalus) was size-selective, with small-sized individuals being less successful. For brown trout, size-selectivity became more relevant with increasing slope of ramp. We conclude that block ramps with slopes of >5 % are ineffective for the small-sized cyprinid species and that vertical drops within step-pool ramps can hinder successful upstream passage of bullhead.
机译：由于人类的影响，世界上的河流高度分散。这种碎片化对鱼类的移动和扩散有负面影响。如今，许多人工屏障（例如河床槛和小堰）已被块状坡道取代，以重新建立河流和溪流中鱼的纵向连通性。我们研究了几种鱼类在不同类型的块状坡道上的上游通道，坡度在3.6％和13.4％之间。我们在野外进行了基于标记回收和PIT标签使用的易位实验。通过下游天线观察到时间运动模式。测量了块状坡道的水力和形态特征，并与鱼类通过效率进行了比较。我们的结果清楚地表明，鱼类，大小等级和块坡道之间的上游通过效率不同。我们观察到，在同一街区坡道上，褐鳟（Salmo trutta fario）的表现优于硬头鳟（Cottus gobio）和几种鲤科鱼类。褐鳟和白鲑（Leuciscus cephalus）的传代效率是大小选择的，小个体的成功率较低。对于褐鳟，尺寸选择性与坡度的增加相关。我们得出的结论是，坡度大于5％的块状坡道对小型鲤科鱼种类无效，阶跃池坡道内的垂直下降会阻碍牛头顺利通过上游。

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  • 来源
    《Aquatic Sciences》 |2013年第2期|251-260|共10页
  • 作者

    Denise Weibel; Armin Peter;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, EAWAG Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology,Center for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry,Seestrasse 79, 6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland;

    Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, EAWAG Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology,Center for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry,Seestrasse 79, 6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    passage efficiency; block ramp; rock ramp; fish ramp; pit-tag; longitudinal connectivity;

    机译：通过效率封锁坡道;岩石坡道鱼坡坑标签纵向连接;

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