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Geographic patterns in freshwater gammarid invasions: an analysis at the pan-European scale

机译：淡水γ-线虫入侵中的地理格局：泛欧洲范围内的分析

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摘要

Biogeographic characteristics of freshwater gammarids at a pan-European scale were investigated to describe spatial gradients of richness and their relationships with the pattern of invasive species distribution. Species richness appeared to be linked to latitude and among the 25 European biogeograph-ical areas, the Ponto-Caspian basin exhibited a particular position, being by far the most diverse area. A link between the species richness of an area and the number of invasive species coming from this area was observed, showing that rich areas are more prone to shelter potential invaders than others. The patterns of gammarid dispersals among European waterways suggest that, rather than a random distribution of invaders, a clump occurred in basins which served as refuge areas during the last glaciations. Several reasons explaining the pattern are discussed, including the possibility that among species evolving in a stimulating environment some of them have had the opportunity to develop special competitive attributes.
机译：在泛欧洲范围内研究了淡水伽马龙的生物地理特征，以描述丰富度的空间梯度及其与入侵物种分布模式的关系。物种丰富程度似乎与纬度有关，在欧洲25个生物地理地区中，蓬图里海盆地表现出特殊的地位，是迄今为止最多样化的地区。观察到一个地区的物种丰富度与来自该地区的入侵物种数量之间的联系，这表明富裕地区比其他地区更容易掩盖潜在的入侵者。在欧洲水道中，γ射线的扩散方式表明，不是入侵者随机分布，而是在最后一次冰川期间作为避难区的盆地中出现了团块。讨论了解释这种模式的几个原因，包括在刺激环境中进化的物种中，有些物种有机会发展特殊的竞争特性。

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