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Biological diversity of peatlands in Canada

机译：加拿大泥炭地的生物多样性

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Knowledge about the biodiversity of Canada's vast peatlands is poor largely because peatlands have not been routinely differentiated from other types of habitats. Plants are better known than the animals. Systematic surveys of peatland plants began in the late 1800s, but did not begin in earnest until the 1950s. With the exception of a few marshes, peatlands are classified into bogs (18 forms), fens (17 forms), and swamps (21 forms). Bogs are the most widespread compared to fens and swamps. Peatlands occur throughout most of Canada but are most common in the Boreal, Subarctic, and Arctic Wetland Regions. Species richness for plants clearly separates bogs and fens. Average number of total species is greater in fens than in bogs. Species richness of herbs, fern and fern allies, and bryophytes is greater in fens than in bogs, and it is greater in bogs for trees and lichens. Bryophytes contribute the most to species richness in bogs, while herbs are most important in fens. Bogs on the Atlantic coast appear to have greater species numbers of lichens and shrubs than bogs on the Pacific coast. Herbs likely contribute more to total species numbers in fens in eastern Canada than in western Canada. There are species of mammals, birds, herptiles, biting flies, beetles, dragon-flies, water mites, rotifers, and protozoans that are restricted to peatlands or are found in both peatlands and other habitats.
机译：关于加拿大广阔的泥炭地生物多样性的知识很差，这主要是因为泥炭地没有与其他类型的栖息地进行常规区分。植物比动物更好。对泥炭地植物的系统调查始于1800年代后期，但直到1950年代才开始认真进行。除少数沼泽外，泥炭地分为沼泽（18种），类（17种）和沼泽（21种）。与沼泽和沼泽相比，沼泽是最普遍的。泥炭地遍布加拿大大部分地区，但最常见于北方，北极和北极湿地地区。植物丰富的物种清楚地将沼泽和小茴香分开。 species中的平均总物种数大于沼泽中的平均数。中的草本植物，蕨类和蕨类同伴以及苔藓植物的物种丰富度高于沼泽，而树木和地衣的沼泽中物种丰富度则更高。苔藓植物对沼泽中物种丰富度的贡献最大，而草药在fen中最为重要。大西洋沿岸的沼泽似乎比太平洋沿岸的沼泽具有更多的地衣和灌木。与加拿大西部地区相比，加拿大东部中的草药对总物种总数的贡献可能更大。哺乳动物，鸟类，疱疹，叮咬蝇，甲虫，蜻蜓，水螨，轮虫和原生动物的物种仅限于泥炭地或在泥炭地和其他栖息地都发现。

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