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Humic substances affect physiological condition and sex ratio of swordtail (Xiphophorus helleri Heckel)

机译：腐殖质会影响剑尾的生理状况和性别比（Xiphophorus helleri Heckel）

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Exposure of young swordtail (Xiphophorus helleri) to increasing concentrations of synthetic humic substances (HS1500) significantly effected the physiological condition and slightly effected the sex ratio of the fish. Any exposure enhanced the body mass development of the swordtail compared to the control. No dose-dependent effect of HS on growth was detectable. After a two-week period of stressful handling, the HS-exposed fish recovered quickly whereas growth stagnated in the con- trol fish. The examination of gills, fins, and skins revealed no infestation with ectoparasites. We assume that the growth promoting effect of HS1500 was due to an overall stimulation in metabolism. Furthermore, the sex ratio of fish exposed to HS1500 for 21 weeks slightly shifted in favor of females in a dose-dependent manner. Although the mode of action is still obscure, there is a probability that alkylphenol structures in HS 1500 may be responsible for this weak feminization.
机译：幼剑尾（Xiphophorus helleri）暴露于合成腐殖质（HS1500）浓度升高的情况下，会显着影响其生理状况，并略微影响鱼类的性别比。与对照相比，任何暴露都会增强剑尾的身体发育。 HS对生长没有剂量依赖性的影响。经过两周的压力处理后，暴露于HS的鱼很快恢复，而控制鱼的生长停滞。腮，鳍和皮肤的检查没有发现外寄生虫的侵扰。我们假设HS1500的生长促进作用是由于整体代谢的刺激。此外，暴露于HS1500达21周的鱼的性别比以剂量依赖性方式略微偏向雌性。尽管作用方式仍然不清楚，但HS 1500中的烷基酚结构可能是造成这种弱女性化的原因。

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