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Critical loads of acidity for Irish lakes

机译：爱尔兰湖泊的酸性极限负荷

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Critical loads of acidity have been estimated for Irish lakes (277) using survey data from the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, and compatible inputs and methods across both regions. This is the first trans-region application of the Steady-State Water Chemistry model for the island of Ireland. Results indicate that a small percentage of lakes (10.8%, 30 lakes) have low critical loads of acidity (<50.0 mmol_c m~(-2) yr~(-1)). Based on bulk sulphate deposition, exceedance of critical load was observed in 6.9% of the sampled lakes (19 lakes). Inferences relating to the whole lake population cannot be made, as statistical lake surveys were not carried out. However, as the surveys were weighted towards acid-sensitive lakes, the current study suggests that Irish lakes are not under a significant threat from anthropogenic acidification. The acidifying impact of nitrogen was incorporated into the exceedance calculation by superimposing the present leaching of nitrogen onto sulphate deposition. This increased exceedance by ～40% (i.e., from 11 to 19 lakes). Despite the potential uncertainties associated with using default values and relationships in the Steady-State Water Chemistry model, uncertainty analysis indicated that the critical loads were relatively stable. The critical acid neutralising capacity limit (specified water quality criterion) had the greatest effect on the critical load. In the current study, a catchment dependent limit was employed (ranged: 0-50 μmol_c L~(-1); mean: 35 μmol_c L~(-1)) rather than a single fixed value.
机译：根据爱尔兰共和国和北爱尔兰的调查数据，以及两个地区的兼容投入物和方法，已经估算出爱尔兰湖泊的酸性极限负荷（277）。这是稳态水化学模型在爱尔兰岛的首次跨区域应用。结果表明，一小部分湖泊（10.8％，30个湖泊）的酸度临界负荷较低（<50.0 mmol_c m〜（-2）yr〜（-1））。基于大量硫酸盐沉积，在6.9％的采样湖泊（19个湖泊）中观察到超过临界负荷。由于没有进行统计的湖泊调查，因此无法做出与整个湖泊人口有关的推论。但是，由于调查的重点是对酸敏感的湖泊，因此目前的研究表明，爱尔兰的湖泊并未受到人为酸化的严重威胁。通过将当前的氮淋滤叠加到硫酸盐沉积上，将氮的酸化影响纳入超出量计算。超出量增加了约40％（即从11个湖增加到19个湖）。尽管在稳态水化学模型中使用默认值和关系存在潜在的不确定性，但不确定性分析表明临界负荷相对稳定。临界酸中和能力极限（指定的水质标准）对临界负荷影响最大。在当前研究中，采用了流域依赖性限值（范围：0-50μmol_cL〜（-1）；平均值：35μmol_cL〜（-1）），而不是单个固定值。

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