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首页> 外文期刊>Aquatic Sciences >Effects of experimental flooding on riverine morphology, structure and riparian vegetation: The River Spol, Swiss National Park
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Effects of experimental flooding on riverine morphology, structure and riparian vegetation: The River Spol, Swiss National Park

机译：实验性洪水对河流形态，结构和河岸植被的影响：瑞士国家公园的斯波河

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摘要

After the construction of two relatively large reservoirs in the late 1960s on the River Spol, discharge was greatly reduced and regulated at a relatively constant flow. Following flow regulation in 1970, natural floods occurred only in the lower Spol where the river is joined by a large tributary, the RIver Cluozza. Flow competence of the residual flow in the regulated river section was too low to transport downstream the input of inorganic and organic sediments from tributaries and side-valley scree (talus) slopes. Consequently, sediments accumulated on th e riverbed, and alluvial fans from scree slopes extended into the river channel. The lack of flood disturbance also allowed woody vegetation to develop on previously exposed gravel banks, and the porous river bottom became clogged with fines. After the experimental floods in 2000, most alluvial fans in the channel were scoured downstream and bed sediments became less embedded due to the reduction in fines. The initial floods caused a rather broad accumulation of coarse sediments in wider reaches of the river, whereas the later floods mobilized/scoured these sediments and increased the variation in channel depth.
机译：在1960年代后期在Spol河上建造了两个相对较大的水库之后，流量大大减少并以相对恒定的流量进行调节。在1970年流量调节之后，自然洪水仅发生在下游的Spol，那里的河流由大型支流RIver Cluozza连接。调节河段的剩余流量的流量能力太低，无法将来自支流和侧谷碎石（距骨）斜坡的无机和有机沉积物的输入输送到下游。因此，沉积物堆积在河床上，碎石斜坡上的冲积扇延伸到河道中。洪水的缺乏也使以前裸露的砾石堤岸上的木本植物得以生长，并且多孔的河底被细屑堵塞。在2000年的试验性洪灾之后，河道中的大多数冲积扇被冲刷到下游，由于细屑的减少，河床沉积物的埋入变得更少。最初的洪水在河的较宽范围内造成了较粗的沉积物的相当广泛的积累，而后来的洪水动员/冲刷了这些沉积物并增加了河道深度的变化。

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