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首页> 外文期刊>Aquatic Sciences >Population growth correlates with increased fecundity in three-spined stickleback populations in a human-disturbed environment
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Population growth correlates with increased fecundity in three-spined stickleback populations in a human-disturbed environment

机译：人口增长与人类不安环境中的三个脊柱棘爪群中的繁殖力增加相关

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摘要

Human activity is altering the dynamics of populations through effects on fecundity, mortality and migration. An increased abundance of three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) in the Baltic Sea has been attributed to a human-caused decline of top predators. However, recent research indicates that a top-down effect cannot fully explain the population growth, but the contribution of a bottom-up effect has not been investigated. Yet, anthropogenic eutrophication has increased algae biomass at the spawning sites of the stickleback and, thus, the abundance of benthic prey. We investigated if increased fecundity could have contributed to the population growth of the stickleback by analysing a two decade time series of stickleback abundance, fecundity, and body size at three spawning sites. The results show an increase in the proportion of gravid females in the populations, which correlates with the population growth. In particular, the proportion of gravid females late in the spawning season has increased, which indicates enhanced food intake at the sites during the spawning season. Thus, a bottom-up effect could have contributed to the growth of the populations by increasing the number of egg clutches females produce. These results stress the importance of considering both bottom-up and top-down processes when investigating the mechanisms behind human impact on population dynamics.
机译：人类活动通过对繁殖力，死亡率和移民的影响来改变人口的动态。波罗的海中的三翼汗背包（加气剂acureatus）增加了丰富的丰富，这归因于捕食者的人为造成的衰落。然而，最近的研究表明，自上而下的效果不能完全解释人口增长，但尚未调查自下而上效应的贡献。然而，人为富营养化在汗背的产卵部位增加了藻类生物量，因此，底栖猎物的丰富。我们调查了，如果在三个产卵场地分析了两个十年时间串行速度，繁殖力和身体规模，速度增加的繁殖力可能导致人口增长。结果表明，饲养人口中妊娠雌性比例的增加，与人口生长相关。特别是，产卵季节晚期的妊娠雌性比例增加，这表明在产卵季节期间增强了遗址的食物摄入量。因此，通过增加卵子离合器雌性产量的数量，可以对群体的生长有助于群体的生长。这些结果强调了考虑在调查人类对人口动态背后的机制时考虑自下而上的过程的重要性。

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