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Archival encounters: rethinking access and care in digital colonial archives

机译：档案遭遇：在数字殖民档案中重新思考和关怀

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摘要

The year of 2017 marked the centennial of Denmark's sale of the former Danish West Indies to the United States of America, today the US Virgin Islands (USVI). The colonial archives figured prominently during the year-long commemorations in Denmark, as the Danish National Archives digitized and publicly released the colonial records of the islands of St. Croix, St. Thomas and St. John. Drawing on cultural theories as well as debates in archival science, this article proposes the notion of 'archival encounter' to centre the ethical-epistemological challenges of digitization and to emphasize the intersected problematics raised by the encounter between the colonial, the archival and the digital. The article begins by revisiting the history of these archives in order to situate the digitization of these records within debates on provenance, custody and access. It then introduces some of the debates taking place within the field of Atlantic slavery, as well as feminist and critical race theories, to argue that the digitization of the USVI records recasts questions about the limitations and possibilities of colonial archives. Furthermore, the article contends that digitality and datafication are indebted to colonial histories of quantification that structure the technological encounter with the colonial archive. Finally, the article builds on these theorizations to amplify recent calls for a feminist ethics of care in archival praxis. Drawing on postcolonial critiques, the article problematizes and situates the notion of care within the colonial and non-innocent histories in which it is embedded, in order to align ethics of care with a critical reorientation of digital colonial archives. Marshalling a postcolonial feminist critique of care as a framework for thinking, the article suggests, can help us to realign archival encounters in ways that that more pointedly confront the colonial legacies of our present.
机译：2017年的年度标志着丹麦百年丹麦销售前丹麦西印度群岛的美国，今天是美国维尔京群岛（USVI）。殖民地档案馆在丹麦一年的纪念期间占据众所周知，因为丹麦国家档案数字化并公开发布了圣克罗伊和圣约翰群岛岛屿的殖民记录。绘制文化理论以及档案科学的辩论，本文提出了“档案遭遇”的概念，以将数字化的伦理学挑战中心居中，并强调殖民地，档案和数字之间遇到的遭遇所提出的相交问题。本文首先重新审视这些档案的历史，以便在出处，监管和获取的辩论中主持这些记录的数字化。然后，它介绍了大西洋奴隶制领域以及女权主义和关键竞争理论的一些辩论，以争辩说，USVI记录的数字化重塑了关于殖民档案的限制和可能性的问题。此外，文章争辩说，数字和数据疗法负债累累的定量殖民历史，这些量化与殖民档案馆的技术遭遇结构。最后，文章建立在这些理论上，以放大最近呼吁在档案上的女性主义伦理的女性主义伦理。绘制后殖民批评，物品遇到了嵌入了殖民地和非无辜历史的护理概念，以使关怀的道德与数字殖民档案的关键重新定位。文章建议，按照思维的框架进行编组的护理批评，可以帮助我们以更有人面对我们现在的殖民遗产的方式重建档案遭遇。

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