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Application of Immunohistochemistry to Infections

机译：免疫组织化学在感染中的应用

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CONTEXT: Pathologists play an important role in the diagnosis or exclusion of infectious diseases. Traditionally, the diagnosis of infectious diseases rely on serologic assays and cultures. Serologic results may be difficult to interpret in the setting of immunosuppression, fresh tissue is not always available for culture, and culture of fastidious pathogens can be difficult and may take weeks or months to yield a result. Although some microorganisms or their cytopathic effects may be readily identifiable on routine and/or histochemical stains, often these changes are not specific or are sparse in the sample evaluated. In these cases, additional immunohistochemical stains are often needed to establish the diagnosis of infection. OBJECTIVE: To review the current value and limitations of the use of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of infectious diseases in formalin-fixed tissue samples. DATA SOURCES: Literature in Medline and the authors' own experience. CONCLUSIONS: Immunohistochemistry has proven to be a useful tool in the diagnosis of infectious diseases in tissue samples. Immunohistochemistry is especially useful in the identification of microorganisms that are present in low numbers, stain poorly, are fastidious to grow, are noncultivable, or exhibit an atypical morphology. Finally, it is important to remember that there may be widespread occurrence of common antigens among bacteria and pathogenic fungi and both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies must be tested for possible cross-reactivity with other organisms.
机译：背景：病理学家在诊断或排除传染病中起重要作用。传统上，传染病的诊断依赖于血清学检测和培养。在免疫抑制的情况下，血清学结果可能难以解释，新鲜的组织并不总是可用于培养的，而对挑剔病原体的培养可能很困难，可能需要数周或数月才能得出结果。尽管在常规和/或组织化学污渍上可能容易识别出某些微生物或其细胞病变效应，但这些变化通常不是特异性的，或者在所评估的样品中稀疏。在这些情况下，通常需要额外的免疫组织化学染色剂来确定感染的诊断。目的：探讨免疫组织化学技术在福尔马林固定组织样本中传染病诊断中的应用价值和局限性。数据来源：Medline中的文学作品和作者的经验。结论：免疫组织化学已被证明是诊断组织样本中传染病的有用工具。免疫组织化学特别适用于鉴定数量少，染色差，难于生长，不可培养或表现出非典型形态的微生物。最后，重要的是要记住，细菌和致病性真菌之间可能普遍存在共同抗原，因此必须测试单克隆抗体和多克隆抗体与其他生物的可能的交叉反应性。

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    《Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine》 |2008年第3期|p.424-430|共7页
  • 作者

    Eduardo Eyzaguirre Abida K Haque;

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    Eduardo Eyzaguirre, MD, Abida K. Haque, MDAccepted for publication April 24, 2007.From the Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (Dr Eyzaguirre), and the Departments of Pathology, Weill College of Medicine of Cornell University, New York, NY, and The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Tex (Dr Haque).The authors have no financial interest in the products or companies described in this article.Reprints: Eduardo Eyzaguirre, MD, Division of Surgical Pathology, Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555-0588 (e-mail: ejeyzagu@utmb.edu).,;

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