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首页> 外文期刊>Archives of Suicide Research >Psychological Tensions Found in Suicide Notes: A Test for the Strain Theory of Suicide
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Psychological Tensions Found in Suicide Notes: A Test for the Strain Theory of Suicide

机译：自杀笔记中发现的心理张力：自杀应变理论的检验

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摘要

As a comprehensive and parsimonious theory explaining the socio-psychological mechanism prior to suicidal behavior, strain theory of suicide postulates that conflicting and competing pressures in an individual's life usually precede a suicide. The theory proposes four sources of strain leading to suicide: (1) value strain from conflicting values, (2) aspiration strain from the discrepancy between aspiration and reality, (3) deprivation strain from relative deprivation such as poverty, and (4) coping strain from deficient coping skills in the face of a crisis. This research has content-analyzed 40 suicide notes (20 by suicide completers and 20 by suicide attempters) and found strong support for the strain theory of suicide. Although little difference is found in the number and pattern of strains between the completers and attempters, both groups have many aspirations and coping strains and few value and deprivation strains. Also, the older a suicidal victim is, the more he/she feels deprived and lacks coping skills and feels less bothered with value conflicts. Although the study has offered some support for the new theory, future research with more rigorous quantitative data needs to be conducted to further test the theory on a more comprehensive level.
机译：作为一种全面而简约的理论，它解释了自杀行为之前的社会心理机制，自杀应变理论假设，个人生活中的矛盾和竞争压力通常是自杀之前的。该理论提出了导致自杀的压力的四个来源：（1）来自价值观冲突的价值压力；（2）来自渴望与现实之间差异的渴望压力；（3）来自相对贫困（例如贫困）的剥夺压力；以及（4）应对面对危机时，应付能力不足会造成压力。这项研究对内容进行了分析，分析了40篇自杀笔记（自杀完成者写了20篇，自杀尝试者写了20篇），并为自杀应变理论提供了有力支持。尽管完成者和尝试者之间在菌株的数量和类型上几乎没有差异，但是两组都有很多愿望和应对菌株，价值和剥夺菌株很少。另外，自杀受害者的年龄越大，他/她越容易感到被剥夺，缺乏应对技巧，也就越不会受到价值冲突的困扰。尽管该研究为新理论提供了一些支持，但仍需要进行更严格的定量数据研究，以便在更全面的水平上进一步检验该理论。

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